A Quantitative And Comparative Study On Orientation Of Residential Congregations In Major Chinese Cities Based On Building Climate Zoning

Climate environment has an important impact on the orientation of buildings.Climate difference brings changes in the orientation of buildings.Residential buildings occupy the largest proportion in the city and are also the building type with the highest sensitivity to orientation.At present,domestic and foreign researches on the orientation of urban residential housing mostly focus on the relationship between building energy efficiency and orientation,which puts forward the concept of the so-called "optimal orientation".However,there is still a large gap in the discussion on the influence of climate environment on the orientation of urban residential housing.At the same time,due to the lack of corresponding tools or means,or the lack of detailed data and other reasons,existing studies on housing orientation mostly stay in the level of local or specific regional perceptual research,lack of quantitative research on the city as the object.In this paper,the orientation of urban residential units in 35 major cities in China is studied quantitatively with the help of GIS software.Based on the quantitative results,the orientation distribution characteristics of major urban residential units in different architectural climate zones are compared to discuss the influence of climate environment on the orientation of urban residential units.At the same time,multiple stepby-step regression analysis is used.To explore the climate factors that have significant influence on the orientation of urban residential buildings.It is found that the orientation of urban concentrated residential buildings in different building climate zones is generally south oriented,but there are great differences in the number of peak peaks,range of peak peaks and degree of dispersion in the column chart of orientation distribution.In the same architectural climate zone,the orientation choice of residential buildings is similar,but with different urban geographical location,topography and geomorphology,the orientation choice will also produce certain differences.At the same time,through calculation,it is found that the relative humidity of the hottest month,the annual percentage of sunshine,the incidence Angle of winter solstice,the summer wind speed,the maximum wind direction in January,the maximum wind direction frequency in January and the maximum wind direction frequency in June,these climatic factors will have a significant impact on the choice of orientation of urban residential cluster.