The Impact Of Lightweight Transformation On The Operating Performance Of Commercial Banks From The Perspective Of Scale Heterogeneit

With the development of financial technology,interest rate marketization and financial disintermediation have further deepened,and the profit space of traditional deposit and loan business of banks has been continuously narrowed.Therefore,they have embarked on the road of transformation and development,among which light-weight transformation is an important direction for banks to explore in recent years.The essence of the bank ’s light transformation is to broaden the income channels,improve the utilization rate of funds,reduce capital consumption,reduce operational risks and costs,and improve operational efficiency by restructuring the business structure of income and assets,so as to achieve the purpose of improving the bank ’s operating performance.Generally speaking,light transformation is divided into light income,light assets,light cost,light debt and other aspects of the transformation,each level has different transformation measures.A comprehensive light transformation can enable banks to maintain sustainable development while interest rates continue to shrink,which is conducive to the stable development of the entire banking industry.This paper mainly studies the relationship between light transformation and bank performance from three aspects : light income,light assets and light management.Firstly,this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index from the four levels of profitability,safety,liquidity and growth through principal component analysis to comprehensively evaluate the performance of banks.Then,it studies the impact of light income,light assets and light management transformation on the comprehensive performance of banks as a whole.Then it studies whether there is heterogeneity in the impact of light-weight transformation on the comprehensive performance of various types of banks when the asset size is different.In the empirical aspect,this paper uses principal component analysis to calculate the basic financial indicators of the four levels of profitability,safety,liquidity and growth of banks,and obtains the comprehensive performance of banks.From the three levels of light transformation,the corresponding measurement indicators are selected : the income diversification index is used to measure the transformation of light income level,the proportion of interbank business assets is used to measure the transformation of light assets level,and the cost-income ratio is used to measure the transformation of light management level.This paper uses the fixed effect model to conduct regression analysis based on the relevant data of 74 commercial banks in China from 2009 to 2019.The empirical results show that the light transformation has a negative impact on the operating performance of commercial banks at the light income level,a positive impact on bank performance at the light asset level,and no significant impact at the light management level.Through the threshold effect analysis of asset size,it can be seen that there is no threshold effect on asset size in large state-owned banks and city commercial banks.For joint-stock banks,when the asset size is different,the impact of light-weight transformation on bank performance is heterogeneous.According to sample data in this paper,when the asset size is greater than 587.828 billion yuan,the deepening of income diversification is not conducive to improving the comprehensive performance of banks.When the asset size is less than 587.828 billion yuan,increasing the proportion of inter-bank business assets can effectively improve the bank ’s operating performance.In order to better promote the light transformation of banks,after combining the theoretical and empirical research results,this paper puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions from three levels of light transformation.