Research On Sustainable Utilization Of Water Resources In Taihu Basin Based On Water Footprint Theory

The Taihu Basin is one of the most prosperous regions in China’s economy with developed industry and dense population.The total amount of water resources in the basin is relatively large,but the amount of water resources per capita is relatively small.It belongs to the region with serious water shortage in China.The contradiction between water supply and demand is prominent.At the same time,the problem of water shortage caused by huge waste discharge is also serious.Therefore,a comprehensive analysis of the utilization of water resources in the Taihu Basin in recent years is of great significance for scientific management,rational utilization of water resources,and sustainable utilization of water resources in the basin.Based on the Water Footprint theory,this paper comprehensively analyzes the water footprint of eight cities including Shanghai in the Taihu Basin from 2010 to2019.Combined with the LMDI model,it analyzes the impact of factors such as population,water footprint structure,technology level,and wealth on the water footprint.The driving situation of the change,and build a comprehensive evaluation index system for the sustainable utilization of water resources in the Taihu Basin,select the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to give comprehensive weights,and combine the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the sustainable utilization of water resources in the Taihu Basin for 10 years.Finally,based on the research results,some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to further improve the sustainable utilization level of water resources.The main research results are as follows:(1)From 2010 to 2019,the consumption of water resources in the Taihu Basin decreased significantly,and the total water footprint showed a declining trend.The agricultural sector has the highest share of the water footprint of each sector,followed by the industrial sector.Among the cities,the total water footprint of Shanghai,Suzhou,Hangzhou and Jiaxing decreased significantly.Suzhou and Wuxi have the highest proportion of industrial water footprint in total water footprint,Shanghai has the highest proportion of domestic water footprint in total water footprint,and the other five cities have the highest proportion of agricultural water footprint.Among the grey water footprint,Shanghai has the largest total and Huzhou has the smallest.In terms of the proportion of grey water footprint of each sector in the total grey water footprint,Shanghai has the highest proportion of domestic grey water footprint,Suzhou has the highest proportion of industrial grey water footprint,Hangzhou,Jiaxing and Huzhou have the highest proportion of agricultural grey water footprint.In the rest of the cities,the differences in the grey water footprint of various departments are not obvious.(2)Among the four driving factors affecting the change of the water footprint of the Taihu Basin,the technological level factor is the strongest driving force,the others are the wealth level and the population,and the water footprint structural factor is the weakest driving force.The technological level is the inhibitory effect,the affluence and population factors are the promoting effect,and the water footprint structural factor is the first promotion and then the inhibition.In each city,the technological level factor is the main factor that inhibits the growth of the water footprint of each city.The promotion of the affluence factor on the water footprint is basically positively correlated with the economic level of the city.The population factor is a comparison of the promoting effect of the water footprint growth of Shanghai and Hangzhou.(3)In the past 10 years,the sustainable utilization of water resources in the Taihu Basin has been in a good state,and the overall level of sustainable utilization of water resources has shown a trend of continuous improvement.From the perspective of each part of the index system: the overall performance of the basic water resources indicators is good;the development level of the water resources system is obviously affected by the large fluctuation of precipitation in some years,and the overall dependence on external water resources shows a declining trend;The coordination with the social economy is relatively good,but it has always been in the state of virtual water output to the outside world;the coordination level between water resources and the environment has been continuously improved,the river basin has paid more and more attention to the water use of the ecological environment,and the environmental pressure caused by water pollution has been continuously reduced,the water shortage problem of water quality has been greatly improved;the water security situation has improved significantly,but the problem of water shortage is still not optimistic.(4)Combining the research results and taking into account the actual situation of the Taihu Basin,each city should further strengthen the consciousness of water saving and protection,continuously promote the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure,promote water saving technology and equipment research and development and promotion,continue to strengthen ecological environment protection and governance,strengthen communication and cooperation between cities.On this basis,different cities should also according to their own actual situation,take corresponding measures according to local conditions to achieve sustainable utilization of water resources in the basin.