| Satellite navigation systems play an extremely important role in today’s society,providing global positioning,velocity,and timing information through satellites and ground stations.In civil applications,satellite navigation systems are used for navigation,maritime navigation,earthquake detection,and atmospheric monitoring.In military applications,satellite navigation systems are used for precision missile guidance,military surveillance,and intelligence gathering.The terminal antenna of a satellite navigation system is the device that receives the satellite signal and is one of the most critical components of the system.The main function of the terminal antenna is to collect satellite signals and transmit them to the receiver or navigation device to calculate the user’s position and velocity information.Therefore,the design performance of the terminal antenna is essential for the positioning accuracy and reliability of the satellite navigation system.The antenna should have high gain,miniaturization,strong anti-interference ability,and excellent directionality.The quadrifilar helix antenna antenna has good directionality and excellent circular polarization characteristics and is widely used in the field of satellite navigation.In order to meet the high precision and high integration requirements of satellite navigation systems in modern society,this paper has conducted corresponding research on the miniaturization and broadband multifrequency technology of the quadrifilar helix antenna antenna.The specific research results are as follows:Firstly,by introducing the feeding network of the quadrifilar helix antenna antenna,and aiming at the problem of high positioning accuracy of satellite navigation systems,the gain of the terminal antenna is improved to accurately receive satellite signals in weak signal environments.A quadrifilar helix antenna antenna feeding network based on the artificial surface plasmon structure is proposed.The energy can be trapped on the structure surface by using the artificial surface plasmon structure to reduce transmission loss,which is easy to combine with the easy conformational advantage of printed quadrifilar helix antenna antennas,achieving better miniaturization effect,and the simulation results are compared.Secondly,based on the theoretical research and structural analysis of the quadrifilar helix antenna antenna,a multilayer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna antenna designed for the Beidou satellite navigation system is proposed.The operating frequency is the Beidou 3B1 frequency band(1.575 GHz),and the size of the double-layer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna antenna is 20 mm in spiral diameter and 20 mm in antenna height.In order to meet the high integration requirements of the satellite navigation system,the double-layer sleeve structure is optimized to a three-layer sleeve structure,and the spiral diameter of the designed three-layer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna antenna is 20 mm,and the profile height is11 mm.Thirdly,a multi-layer dual-band broadband low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna antenna and a square broadband miniaturized quadrifilar helix antenna antenna were designed.The multi-layer dual-band broadband low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna antenna covers various frequency bands of Bei Dou/GPS and achieves miniaturization,low cost,and high precision by changing the traditional spiral structure and adopting a multi-layer horizontal structure.The antenna operates at dual frequencies of 1GHz-1.45 GHz and 1.54GHz-1.74 GHz,with a height of 20 mm.The square broadband miniaturized quadrifilar helix antenna antenna is miniaturized by deforming the top of the antenna.Horizontal metal cylinders are laterally connected to the side of the antenna to increase the relative arm length and reduce the profile.Finally,the antenna operates at a frequency range of 1.3GHz-1.95 GHz,with a height of10 mm.Chapter 4 designs a multi-layer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna for use in the Beidou satellite navigation system based on the theoretical research and structural analysis of the quadrifilar helix antenna.The operating frequency of the antenna is the Beidou 3 B1 band(1.575GHz),with a spiral diameter of 20 mm and an antenna height of 20 mm.To meet the high integration requirements of the satellite navigation system,this paper further miniaturizes the designed dual-layer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna,and finally obtains a three-layer low-profile quadrifilar helix antenna with a height of 11 mm. |
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