Preparation And Application Of Soil Improver By Woody Oil By-products

In recent years,the woody oil industry in China has developed rapidly,and a large number of Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive residue have been formed.However,due to the lack of resource utilization and high-value utilization technology,the by-product resources are wasted,which leads to serious environmental pollution problems and brings pressure to the development of production enterprises.Therefore,it is urgent to develop and treat Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue as resources.In this paper,the strains which can degrade cellulose,lignin and tea saponin from Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue were screened by selecting medium,aniline blue medium and Congo red medium,and the degradation efficiency of cellulose,lignin and tea saponin in Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue was determined.The strain with the best degradation effect was selected and identified by 16 sr DNA sequence to optimize the fermentation parameters.Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue were fermented by the best strains selected,and the maturity,p H,organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and heavy metal contents of Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue were determined,and the changes of lignin,cellulose,tea saponin and olive polyphenols were analyzed.A pot experiment was conducted to grow green vegetables(slow in April).According to the ratio of mature Camellia oleifera seed meal or olive residue to biochar 1: 1,organic fertilizer was prepared,and organic fertilizer was added to normal soil according to 2% of soil quality.In order to improve the resource utilization value of woody oil by-products and enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises to deal with oil waste residue,the organophosphorus bacteria immobilized on biochar were added into mature Camellia oleifera seed meal or olive fruit residue,and the soil remediation agents contaminated by Pb,Cu and Cd were prepared after fermentation for one week.The repairing agent was added to Pb,Cu and Cd contaminated soil according to 2% of soil quality.After planting for 50 days,the changes of fresh weight,dry weight,plant height and heavy metal content of Chinese cabbage were analyzed.To explore the effect of organic fertilizer on plant growth and development and the passivation effect of restorers on heavy metals in soil.The results showed that:(1)One strain of cellulose-degrading bacteria and two strains of lignin-degrading bacteria were screened and purified from Camellia oleifera seed meal,which were tea X1-1,tea M4-2 and tea M5-2,respectively.One cellulose-degrading bacteria and one lignin-degrading bacteria were screened and purified from olive fruit residue,which were strain X4-1 and olive M7-2 respectively.The strains of tea X1-1,tea M4-2,tea M5-2,tea X4-1 and olive M7-2 were identified as Pleurostoma richardsiae CK1,Pseudomonas monteilii CK4-2,Paenibacillus sp CK5-2,Enterobacter sp GLX4-1 and Candida tropicalis GLM7-2,respectively.(2)Camellia oleifera seed meal reached maturity after 28 days of fermentation with strains X1-1,M4-2 and M5-2,and the cellulose degradation rates were 29.74%,19.65% and 13.19%respectively,the lignin degradation rate were 12.84%,17.84% and 26.89%,and the tea saponin degradation rates were 34.06%,45.05% and 46.15% respectively.The content of polyphenols in olive residue increased by 91.91% and 26.04% respectively after 7 days of fermentation.After 28 days of fermentation,the degradation rates of cellulose were 19.64%and 13.17%,and that of lignin were 15.16% and 27.13%,respectively.(3)Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue were fermented by strains X1-1,M4-2,M5-2,olive X4-1 and olive M7-2 for 28 days.the germination index of seeds cultured with its extract was 70.65%,72.18%,104.41%,70.66% and 70.23%,respectively,and the contents of organic matter were 89.15%,90.89%,82.51%,92.35% and 90.43%,respectively.The total nutrient contents were 9.89%,8.73%,13.01%,7.31% and 8.38%,and the p H adjusted by biochar were 7.08,6.34,6.16,7.03 and 6.85 respectively.The contents of as,Hg,Pb,Cd and Cr were much lower than the national standard content of organic fertilizer.That is,all the indicators are in line with the national standards of organic fertilizer.(4)The plant fresh weight contents of Camellia oleifera seed meal and olive fruit residue organic fertilizer increased by 18.79% and 10.12% respectively,the dry weight contents increased by 27.42% and 7.70% respectively,and the plant heights per plant increased by2.90% and 4.80%,respectively.This shows that organic fertilizer can significantly promote the growth and development of plants.(5)The plant fresh weight increased by 87.38% and 129.85%,the dry weight increased by91.87% and 120.41%,and the plant height increased by 24.69% and 15.78%,respectively.the content of heavy metals in roots decreased by at least 14.35% and 34.03% respectively,and that in leaves decreased by at least 26.03% and 42.56%,respectively.The content of heavy metals in roots and leaves was reduced by up to 100%.This shows that the prepared repairing agent has the dual effects of promoting plant growth and passivating heavy metals.The organic fertilizer prepared in this paper can not only increase land fertility and provide additional sources of income for the economy of tea oil and olive oil processing plants,but also contribute to better repair of soil consolidation problems,it is of great significance to alleviate the soil deterioration caused by long-term application of fertilizer.In addition,the prepared heavy metal pollution repairing agent can not only improve soil fertility,but also control soil heavy metal pollution and realize its high value utilization.