Location Planning Methods Of Bike-sharing Extension Station Considering Rebalancing Scheduling

With the development of urban motorized transportation and the continuous growth of residents' motor vehicle ownership,traffic congestion and environmental pollution continue to intensify,and non-motorized transportation,especially the rapid development of bike-sharing,has attracted more and more attention.It has the characteristics of flexible use,environmental protection,and high accessibility,which meets the transportation needs of short-distance travel and transfers,and can effectively alleviate the "last mile" problem in subways and public transportation.When studying the rebalancing scheduling problem of bike-sharing,the number of bicycles at the station is deployed from the perspective of user demand characteristics,and the priority is given to scheduling bicycles between stations that cannot meet the user's demand for borrowing and returning.This can effectively delay the rebalancing time and reduce rebalancing workload.Rebalancing scheduling is an important consideration for studying the problem of station planning for bike-sharing systems.The lack of this factor may cause unreasonable station distribution and facility configuration,increase unnecessary construction costs and the workload of rebalancing scheduling.However,most of the current bike-sharing systems do not consider the impact of rebalancing scheduling in station location planning.Therefore,on the basis of the existing bike-sharing system,this article focuses on the study of rebalancing and dispatching,incorporates it into the expansion station location planning problem to improve the original system layout and service architecture.The main research contents are as follows:(1)A rebalancing scheduling method for bike-sharing considering the optimization of fleet size.The imbalance and randomness of borrowing and returning vehicles often cause bike-sharing stations to face the problem of "no vehicles to borrow,no piles to return vehicles",prompting operators to formulate rebalancing scheduling plans to ensure that they can meet user needs in a timely manner and improve service quality.First and foremost,this paper proposes a fleet size optimization algorithm considering the demand gap to calculate the number of bicycles at the initial moment of the station.Furthermore,a mixed-integer model is established with the goal of satisfying user needs as a constraint and minimizing the amount of rebalancing scheduling.Finally,the time is divided into multiple periods and problem stations are defined,and single-period and multi-period rebalancing scheduling strategies are formulated respectively to determine the scheduling plan between stations.Experimental results based on data from the New York Citi Bike project show that this method can effectively reduce the amount of rebalancing while meeting user needs,and has a guiding significance for operators to formulate rebalancing scheduling plans.(2)The station location planning method for the expansion of bike-sharing considering regional division.Consider rebalancing issues when planning the station location for bicycle-sharing expansion stations,which can provide more bicycles and station capacity for areas with unbalanced supply and demand,and reduce the difficulty of rebalancing scheduling during operation.On this issue,this paper is divided into three parts for research.First of all,the paper divides the area according to the census to determine the set of candidate stations for station location.In addition,the paper establishes a station location planning model for expansion that considers rebalancing.At the same time,it proposes a method to determine the capacity of candidate stations and determine where to expand new stations.Last but not the least,the method in Chapter 3is used to determine the number of bicycles at the initial moment and the rebalancing scheduling plan between regions.The experimental results of the New York Citi Bike project data show that the proposed method can effectively find out which areas are more reasonable to build new stations,and give the facility configuration scale of the new stations,which has a recommendation and guiding significance for operators to expand their stations in the next step.