Research And Design Of 5G Base Station Antenna Array

With the rapid development of science and technology,today's society has entered the era of the Internet,mobile communication technology has also experienced rapid development,and the 4G mobile communication technology has been commercialized on a large scale around the world.However,in recent years,with the emergence of technologies such as the Internet of Things,smart homes,and smart medical care,the current communication capacity and communication rate have shown gradual deficiencies.Therefore,the simultaneous use of 4G/5G mobile communication technologies is about to emerge.The base station antenna is an indispensable part of the communication system,and its improvement will drive the forward development of communication technology.And with the advent of the 5G era,base station antennas adapted to the new era have also become current research hotspots.Its broadband,miniaturization,and low profile characteristics have important research significance for mobile communication systems.This article combines the current needs of 5G mobile communication technology to carry out research work on the broadband,miniaturization,and low profile of base station antennas.Firstly,this paper introduce the research background,significance and current development status of base station antennas.According to the theoretical basis of base station antennas and the main technologies in its design,with the help of HFSS electromagnetic simulation software,three B40 frequency bands that can cover 4G are designed(2300-2400MHz)and 4G/5G shared N41 frequency band(2496-2690MHz)dual-polarized base station antenna.The main research contents are as follows:(1)A dual polarization dipole antenna with metal structure is designed.Based on the dipole fed by ?-type coupling,the balun and the antenna element are integrated metal structures,which well balance the current distribution on the two arms of the dipole,improve the impedance matching,and solve the cross dipole.Unit support problem.When the VSWR is less than 1.5,its working frequency band can cover 2.25-3GHz,with good impedance matching.The gain of the antenna in the whole frequency band can be kept above 7.2d Bi.The cross-polarization ratio of the antenna reaches 25 d B,and the isolation between the two ports is greater than 25 d B.(2)For the light-weight,wide-band,and miniaturized development trend of base station antennas,a microstrip structure is used to design a base station antenna unit with a wide frequency band and high isolation.When its VSWR is less than 1.5,its working frequency band can cover 2GHz-3GHz,and the impedance matching is good.The port isolation in the full frequency band meets 35 d Bi,and the gain is above 8.3d Bi,and a brief analysis of the unit's broadband and high isolation performance is made.(3)A flat rectangular slot microstrip antenna is designed.Reducing the size of the antenna by slotting on the surface of the patch,and determining the radiation structure of the antenna.According to the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of feeding mode,it is determined that the feeding mode is two-point inverting feeding,and a power divider with a phase difference of 180° is designed to connect two inverting feeds.When the VSWR is less than 1.5,the frequency band range is 2.4GHz-2.75 GHz.The cross-polarization ratio of the antenna reaches 50 d B.The port isolation is greater than 20 d B and the gain is above 7.3d Bi in the full frequency band.(4)When designing the antenna array,the microstrip structure of the cross dipole antenna was selected as the unit,and an unequal-divided eighth Wilkinson power divider was designed as the feed network to reduce the sidelobe level.When the VSWR is less than1.5,the frequency band range is 2GHz-3GHz,and the impedance matching is good.The port isolation in the full frequency band meets 35 d B,and the gain reaches 14.3d Bi.The sidelobe suppression is better than 22 d B.