Research And Design Of Broadband Miniaturized Base Station Antenna For 5G

With the development of mobile communication technology,new communication modes appear,and the performance of base station antenna directly affects the quality of mobile communication.The current base station construction adopts multi-standard(3G/LTE/5G)and multiple communication modes coexist.In order to meet the increasing number of users and effectively solve the problem of resource shortage,base station antenna with broadband,miniaturization and multi-frequency characteristics is the current research hotspot and the future development trend.Therefore,research on miniaturized,broadband and multi-frequency base station antennas applied to 5G has important academic significance and application value.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly,in order to achieve broadband miniaturization,an antenna design method is proposed,four rectangular electric dipoles are arranged in an orthogonal way to achieve the dual polarization effect,the current path on the surface of the antenna is changed by introducing tangent Angle to the electric dipole,which makes the low-frequency resonance move to the left and realizes the antenna miniaturization.The impedance matching of the antenna is improved by designing a Y-shaped microstrip feed structure,the high frequency resonant point of the antenna moves to the right by U-shaped grooving of the electric dipole,and the broadband is realized.To improve the effect of grooving the electric dipole on the low frequency band,four parasitic branches were added around the electric dipole,the low frequency impedance matching is improved and the bandwidth is expanded.The antenna is used in the TD-LTE/5G dual-band,with TD-LTE in the band of 2300-2700 MHz and 5G in the sub-6GHz(3300-4500MHz).The test results show that the antenna has the characteristics of wide band,miniaturization and stable radiation pattern.Secondly,based on the electromagnetic dipole,a diamond-cut-angle type electric dipole structure and the ? type feed structure with gradient design are proposed,the antenna tunable parameters can be used to change the antenna diameter,achieve miniaturization,and improve the impedance matching and bandwidth of the antenna.By bring in two different slot structures,"U" and "H",it is verified that the loading slot structure has a good effect on expanding the bandwidth.The loading of the slot structure has an effect on the radiation pattern.Through the optimization of the slot structure parameters,the simulation of the antenna profile height and the design of the size of the metal reflector plate,the antenna has formed a stable pattern.The antenna is applied to the 5G dual-band of N77 and N79.The low-frequency operating range is 3300-4200 MHz,and the high-frequency operating range is 4400-4900 MHz.The physical test results are basically consistent with the simulation results,meeting the antenna design criteria.Thirdly,taking the broadband miniaturized antenna working in the N77 and N79 frequency bands as the unit,a 1×4 element antenna array is formed,which validates the performance of the element antenna array and meets the requirements of the array antenna.By designing a U-shaped metal reflector plate,the antenna radiation pattern is optimized,and the distance between the elements is simulated to achieve the miniaturization effect of the array.Array antennas have stable pattern,gain and high crossover planning ratio.To sum up,this paper first designed a dual-band base station antenna for 4G-LTE and 5G.Antenna adopts microstrip printing method.Through the design of antenna feed structure and electric dipole shape,the antenna realizes miniaturization,wide band and dual frequency characteristics.Then,an electromagnetic dipole structure is designed for N77 and N78 band dual-band 5G base station antenna.The antenna structure is designed in the shape of diamond cut corners,so that the antenna has more adjustable variables.By slitting the surface of the antenna,the bandwidth of the antenna is increased and the impedance characteristics of the antenna are improved.Finally,the performance of 1×4cell antenna array is verified.Through the simulation design of the array element spacing,the arrangement mode and the size of the reflection plate,the array antenna has reached the design target,and has a good practical value.