Research And Application Of Modular Architecture And Open Protocol Based On Bus Structure

The Internet of Things is an Internet of "things and things connected".It is another information revolution after the Internet.It has been listed as a strategic emerging industry for the country's key development.At present,my country has successively introduced policies related to "New Infrastructure"."New Infrastructure" is a new type of information network construction relative to traditional infrastructure such as railways,highways and airports.The Internet of Things is an important part of the "New Infrastructure".Among the seven areas of "New Infrastructure",5G,big data centers,industrial Internet,artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things have a strong correlation.At the same time,energy infrastructure and transportation infrastructure also need to be empowered by Internet of Things technology.The layout and construction of "new infrastructure" will surely bring new development opportunities for the Internet of Things and related industries.However,at present,the diversification of communication protocols for Io T devices and the lack of unified standards for Io T application layer protocols lead to the diversity of underlying devices and gateways of Io T,resulting in problems such as low execution efficiency,poor scalability,high maintenance cost and long development cycle of Io T system.To solve the above problems,this paper constructed the general Io T solutions,designed a set of concentration,lightweight,scalable and open system,through the basic function interface can quickly to any such as sensors,actuators and communication module hardware units are integrated into the system architecture,can be applied to agricultural facilities,environmental monitoring,industrial manufacturing and other fields.Project work can be divided into four parts,the first,Through the four-layer model of the physical Internet of Things,hardware units such as sensors,actuators and communication modules are integrated in the perception layer and the network layer,and a bus-based multi-core modular architecture is proposed.Refer to the OSI standard model,combined with RTOS inter-task communication and CANopen distributed communication ideas to design a lightweight communication protocol suitable for this architecture-Io T-CAN.Second,the prototype of each module and the corresponding development experiment platform are designed based on the modular architecture,and the general software engineering template is designed based on the Io T-CAN protocol.Third,on the PC side,a dedicated development and debugging tool for the architecture was developed.On the cloud service platform side,a firmware management sub-platform was developed for firmware synchronization,firmware OTA upgrade,etc.Developed a heterogeneous data sub-platform for receiving,analyzing and processing heterogeneous data.Developed a comprehensive management sub-platform for visual management of collected data and remote control of equipment.Fourth,apply the content of the subject research to many practical scenarios such as greenhouses,sika deer farms,and factory workshops.The feedback results of multiple application examples show that the built universal Io T solution can meet the needs of multiple scenarios,with strong compatibility,expansibility and high stability.Finally,the reuse rate of architecture modules and protocol performance are analyzed.The results of module reuse rate analysis show that all kinds of modules in the architecture are reused for many times,which has a strong versatility,effectively reduces the development cycle and development cost,and the architecture can quickly and efficiently integrate hardware units such as sensors,actuators and communication modules.The analysis of protocol performance shows that the designed protocol has high communication performance and meets the requirements of the architecture for transmission rate.At the same time,the edge computing module of the architecture further moves down the edge computing task,which lays a hardware foundation for the realization of sensor data anomaly detection,data encryption transmission and other functions.