Fundamental Research On Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technology Based On Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing Process

Hybrid additive manufacturing is a technology which based on 3D printing to quickly manufacture functional products.This technology takes advantage of 3D printing rapid manufacturing and one-time molding of complex models to make the basic structure of three-dimensional electronic devices.In addition,electronic circuits and components are embedded in order to overcome the problem that 3D printing cannot manufacture functional products,it has great innovative significance in the field of 3D printing research.A hybrid additive manufacturing technology based on fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing is proposed,which combines dual-material FDM 3D printing and selective electroless plating to achieve the manufacture of structured electronic devices.The following work is finally completed:1.Based on the upgrade of single material FDM 3D printer,a 3D printer which can print dual material samples synchronously is built.The basic characteristics of related printing materials and the printing accuracy of the upgraded dual material printer are introduced.2.A selective electroless plating process is proposed.The optimum formula and parameters of electroless plating solution are obtained through a large number of experiments.The process realizes selective nickel plating and copper plating on the bimaterial samples composed of ABS,PETG,PC and PLA,and obtains the coating with high quality.3.The mechanism and effect of selective electroless plating are researched systematically.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FTIR)are used to test the samples before and after the key step(roughening).It is verified that the roughening will corrode ABS,but the surfaces of PETG,PC and PLA are almost noncorrosive.FTIR test and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were used to test the samples after the important step(sensitizing degumming)of selective electroless plating,which realizes the best combination of the two materials is ABS / PETG.The quality of nickel and copper layers on the surface of ABS after plating which is the final step of selective electroless plating is analyzed and tested in detail.The micro morphology of nickel,the adhesion,composition and thickness of nickel and copper layers are analyzed by SEM,grid test,EDS and coulometry respectively.In addition,the effects of temperature,p H value and time of nickel plating on the conductivity of nickel layer are analyzed,which show that the Ni-P alloy with resistivity of 84??·cm could be obtained at temperature of 50?,p H = 8.5 and plating time of 120 min.The effect of plating time on the conductivity of copper layer is analyzed,which finds that the resistivity of copper layer changes little with the plating time and fluctuates around 3 ??·cm.4.In order to verify the reliability and practicability of the hybrid additive manufacturing technology based on FDM 3D printing,2D plane,2D double-sided and 3D three-dimensional LED flashing circuits are designed and manufactured to verify their application in DC circuits.At the same time,the single-arm spherical and four-arm cylindrical three-dimensional helical antennas which are difficult to be manufactured by traditional technology are designed and manufactured.The application in the field of high frequency electronic circuit is verified,and the performance of the tested antenna basically meets the expected effect.