Storage Mechanism Optimization In Blockchain System Based On Residual Number System

At present,the biggest bottleneck of blockchain development is storage.Optimizing storage has become the only way to accelerate the development of blockchain.Most of current solutions would modify the architecture of blockchain,which weakens the characteristics of the decentralization.In this paper,the blockchain account data is taken as the research object,a storage optimization mechanism based on residual number system is proposed to reduce the storage volume on each node.In view of the situation that devil nodes tamper with local data in the model,a hybrid fault tolerance scheme based on CRT ? and Raft is proposed,which enable the proposed storage mechanism with strong fault tolerance capability.The main work can be summarized as follows:In the first part,according to the characteristics of RNS and blockchain,the optimization mechanism of blockchain storage based on RNS is proposed.In this mechanism,RNS is used to compress the account data of the blockchain,the remainders of the same account information over different modulus are stored on different nodes.By just storing the remainder of the account information over a much smaller modulo,the volume on each node could be reduced by over 90%.The parallelization property of RNS over linear operations enable independent updates of the remainders on different nodes,which greatly saves the network overhead and computing power of the system.In the second part,a hybrid fault tolerance scheme based on CRT ? and Raft is proposed to solve the problem for fault remainders from devil nodes.In the fault tolerance scheme,raft algorithm is used to confirm two trusted data as redundancy basis,and mini RRNSs during the CRT ? operation are constructed.In the process of recovering account data information by CRT ?,judge whether there is fault remainder according to overflow judgment theorem.If fault remainder is found,the fault remainder needs to be replaced with the one from another node with the same module.The third part selects the appropriate parameters according to the data analysis,and analyzes the feasibility of the scheme through the specific situation.Firstly,we select the bit-width and number of residual bases,and then analyze the probabilistic analysis of the number of correct remainders and probabilistic analysis for successful replacements.Then we use Python to simulate the core functions of blockchain,and analyze the storage volume over the common blockchain and the blockchain based RNS through experiments.The experimental results show that the proposed mechanism can save more than 90% of the storage volume on each node and effectively reduce the storage cost of the system.The proposed scheme based on CRT ? and raft algorithm is analyzed for fault tolerance.The experimental results verify the feasibility of the scheme in practical application.