| In 2021,the development of 5G will usher in a year of blowout,explosive development of information and data,exponential growth in the number of smart terminals,various wireless communication researches marching into the millimeter wave frequency band,and emerging technologies represented by 5G are constantly building society,economy,and industry.Magneto-electric dipole antenna(ME)has the advantages of broadband,high gain,better cross-polarization and front-to-back ratio and good radiation pattern.The E-plane and H-plane have similarly shaped directional patterns,which are widely used in wireless communication systems.The application of ME antenna in 5G millimeter wave communication has great development potential.Integrated Substrate Gap Waveguide(ISGW),as a new type of waveguide structure with low loss,easy integration,and good packaging effect,has unique advantages in the design of array antennas.Antennas with end-fire properties are more desirable for 5G applications and environments,especially to various smart devices such as mobile terminals.Therefore,it is of great practical value to study antennas with end-fire characteristics suitable for millimeter wave frequency bands.This paper designs a three-dimensional end-fire electromagnetic dipole antenna based on the ISGW structure:(1)Design a three-dimensional end-fire electromagnetic dipole antenna based on the integrated substrate gap waveguide.The traditional electromagnetic dipole antenna structure is improved,and the loop antenna is constructed with a vertical T-shaped feeder,which is working as a magnetic dipole,and the horizontal patch is used as an electric dipole.The microstrip line packaged by the ISGW structure realizes the end-fired ME antenna with a three-dimensional structure in a vertical feeding mode,which has good characteristics such as broadband,high and stable gain,and low cross polarization.And the antenna simulation results indicate that the antenna bandwidth is ranging from 21.8to 30.4GHz(relative bandwidth 32.6%),stable and flat and high gain is 9d Bi,gain fluctuation is less than 1.1d Bi,cross polarization is less than-28d B,and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is greater than 23d B.The overall size is18×16.8×12mm~3 with simple structure,miniaturization and easy integration.This antenna has great advantages in millimeter wave communication.(2)Design 4-port and 8-port feeder network based on integrated substrate gap waveguide.The T-junction power divider was packaged based on the ISGW structure adopted multi-step impedance matching and angle cutting methods,and the fractal design expands the 3-stage power divider to design the power divider performance that meets the antenna bandwidth requirements.Finally,it is integrated to form a 4-port and 8-port feeder network.The bandwidth ranges are:22.8?30.7GHz and 23.7?30.2GHz,with small insertion loss and phase difference,stable S-parameter performance,and sizes of 50.4×35×1.549 mm~3 and 88.8×35×1.549mm~3.This feeding network has the advantages of miniaturization,integration,low loss and easy processing.(3)Design a three-dimensional end-fire electromagnetic dipole array antenna based on the integrated substrate gap waveguide.Based on the designed single-antenna and multi-port feeding network,according to the principle of the array antenna,a uniform linear array is used to design a three-dimensional structure integrated substrate gap waveguide electromagnetic dipole 4-array and 8-array antenna.The relative bandwidths of 31.5%and 34.6%are achieved respectively,the stable flat high gain is 14d Bi and 18d Bi,and the highest gain is 14.3d Bi and 18.54d Bi,the gain fluctuation is less than 1d Bi,and it has good cross-polarization characteristics and directivity.The overall dimensions are50.4×35×16 mm~3 and 88.8×38.4×16mm~3,respectively.Finally,the design process of this type of array antenna based on the ISGW structure is summarized. |
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