| Infrared sensing technology has become a key technology for breakthroughs in various countries and is widely used in civil and national defense fields.However,infrared sensing technology still has two bottlenecks that are difficult to break through.On the one hand,due to the discontinuity of the medium,infrared light will produce interface reflection between the interface formed by air and substrate,significantly reducing the solar energy utilization rate,stealth performance of military equipment and signal collection rate of light detector.The growing demand for optical and optoelectronic equipment in fields ranging from space exploration to consumer electronics is driving the search for ways to maximize the efficiency of light collection.Therefore,how to reduce the reflection loss is the key problem faced by infrared sensing technology.On the other hand,the processing ability of the infrared signal of the current infrared sensor system is greatly limited by the signal strength,so it is urgent to improve the sensing sensitivity of the infrared sensor system and the sensing ability of ultra-distant weak signals.Drived by the living environment,many organisms in nature have evolved many small and high-performance sensing systems to realize the reproduction of population,which undoubtedly provides a new research idea for us to overcome the bottleneck of infrared sensing technology.In this paper,Melanophila Cuspidata is taken as the biological prototype,we focus on the research of the hypersensitive heat sensing mechanism and the manufacturing process of biomimicry infrared sensing element,and carries out the following researches:(1)Through the microscopic characterization analysis of the surface morphology and internal fine structure of the infrared organs of Gidding beetle,it was found that the ultra-sensitive heat sensing ability was due to the efficient infrared capture mechanism of surface morphology and the two-stage signal amplification mechanism inside the"dome"structure.The contour coordinates of the"dome"structure were extracted by laser confocal scanning stereoscopic microscope and a three-dimensional array model was established.The optical simulation was carried out by using optical simulation software FDTD.(2)Three kinds of templates were prepared based on anodic alumina,laser etching technology and ultraviolet lithography technology,and three kinds of membranes were prepared combined with the membrane preparation technology of template method,and their transmission properties,mechanical properties and impact resistance were tested respectively.The results show that the membranes prepared based on anodic alumina are suitable for the anti-reflection and anti-reflection applications in visible and very near infrared bands(400-1200nm).In the thin membranes prepared by laser etching process,the average reflectivity of the laser etched PDMS membrane is about 2.78%,and the average transmittance is about91.22%.The reflectivity of the laser etched PDMS/Si O2 membrane is reduced to less than 2%.Among the three specifications of Si O2 micron spheres,the Si O2 micron spheres with diameter of 3?m(mass ratio 2:1)The absorption effect of anti-reflection is the best;The average reflectivity(1.41%)of the membrane prepared by UV lithography is significantly lower than that of the structurless PDMS membrane(7.28%)in the whole test band,and the transmittance of the membrane is more than90%,and the average transmittance is about 91.4%,showing good anti-reflection performance.Mechanical properties and impact resistant performance tests show that the tensile performance of several kinds of membranes and good shock resistance,laser etching PDMS membrane and imitation"dome"in the structure of membrane can be used as a nearly infrared decreased antireflection membrane applications,laser etching PDMS/3?m Si O2 microspheres(mass ratio 2:1)membrane can be used as a near infrared decreased absorption of membrane applications.(3)The porous core absorption layer of bionic infrared sensing element was prepared by"wire drawing forming"method.The porous core absorption layer,infrared anti-reflection membrane,infrared anti-reflection film and terminal readout system were simply encapsulated to get the bionic infrared sensor and calibrated in experiments.The results show that the slope of the calibration fitting line increases with the increase of the calibration distance,which reflects the decrease of the variation value of the voltage signal under the same temperature change as well as the decrease of the sensitivity of the device.The sensitivity of the three fitting lines is47.2m V/?,35.4m V/?and 29.2m V/?respectively.At the same time,with the increase of calibration distance,the voltage signal value also showed a decreasing trend,and the temperature measurement range moved to high temperature.The application range of the three calibration fitting lines were 51-84?,56-85?,and59-92?,respectively.The performance characterization results show that the measurement error rate of this bionic infrared sensor is about 7.6%,and the response time is about 14s.This design can basically realize the sensing function of fire and other infrared information,and is also expected to achieve a wide range of measurement through the calibration of different distances. |
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