Analysis Of Users' Riding Characteristics And Their Flow Influencing Factors In Subway-type Public Bicycle Stations

The public bicycle system can not only solve the "first and last kilometer" problem of travel but also relieve urban traffic congestion and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.The synergy of metros and public bicycles improves the speed and accessibility of public transportation,enhancing their competitiveness in urban public transportation.In the public bicycle system,metro-type stations play an important role in connecting with the metro.In this paper,we apply the complex networks and spatial econometric models to study the users' characteristics of metro-type public bicycle stations.Firstly,based on the users' cycling data of the public bicycle system,we use cluster analysis to cluster the metro-type public bicycle stations in the main urban area of Nanjing,analyze their flow and activity characteristics at various periods,and discuss the users' characteristics,cycling time,and cycling distance.The results show that hightraffic stations are crucial for the connection of public bicycles to the metro.Metro-type public bicycles have various travel scenarios rather than being limited to work and commuting.Besides,the proportion of young users is not high.Secondly,we build the cycling networks in the morning peak,flat peak,and evening peak,and compare the spatial characteristics of users in different periods.The results show that the scale of users' cycling during the evening peak hours is greater.In areas close to metro stations and concentrated residences,users often use the "metro +public bicycle" mode during the evening peak hours;in commercial office areas,users often use the "metro + public bicycle" mode during morning peak hours to commute.Finally,considering the spatial correlation of the flow between stations,we apply the spatial econometric model to measure the impact of the various built environment and other factors on the flow of metro-type public bicycle stations.The results show that the number of restaurants,shopping places,life service facilities,education,and training institutions in the buffer zone have a significant positive impact on the cycling flow of metro-type public bicycle stations.Also,the fact that a station is a transfer one has a significant positive impact.Moreover,the number of other public bicycle stations and that of road intersections have a significant negative impact on the cycling flow of metro-type public bicycle stations.Based on the results,we put forward the corresponding suggestions for the construction of metro-type public bicycle stations and the improvement of the efficiency of the public bicycle system.