| As the main carrier of farmers'production,life and all kinds of social and economic activities,rural settlement is the regional unit with the closest interaction between man and land.With the accelerating process of urbanization,the unreasonable layout of rural settlements,low efficiency of land use,imperfect functional allocation and other problems seriously restrict the rural development,which has brought great obstacles to the implementation of Urban-Rural Coordination and Rural Revitalization Strategy.In the current critical period of rural social and economic transformation,in view of the various problems around the rural settlements,it is more necessary to scientifically and reasonably formulate the layout optimization plan of regional rural settlements,and coordinate the healthy and sustainable development of rural man land relationship.In order to adapt to the requirements of rural development in the new era and build a good land space order,it is urgent to carry out the relevant research on the evolution mechanism,evolution characteristics and reconstruction optimization of rural settlements.Based on this,this article selects Jiangjin District of Chongqing City,which has complex topographical conditions and diverse rural settlement characteristics as the research object,and follows the logical framework of“evolution characteristics—influencing factors—control and optimization”.First,the mountain and hills are described in terms of scale,distribution and form The spatial evolution characteristics of rural settlements in the district,and the in-depth analysis of the spatial heterogeneity effects of its influencing factors and their interaction and synergy,and then reveal the law of temporal and spatial differentiation of rural settlements;secondly,by constructing a multi-functional evaluation system for rural settlements,the settlement pattern and The coupling and coordination relationship of functions is comprehensively measured;finally,based on the perspective of dominant function optimization,the regulation and optimization strategies for rural settlements in different regions are proposed to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of rural construction and development strategies.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The evolution characteristics of rural settlements in mountainous and hilly areas have strong temporal and spatial differentiation.In terms of scale characteristics,the overall scale of rural settlements in Jiangjin District has shown a decreasing trend,while at the township(street)level and the village level it has shown a trend of"increasing and decreasing coexisting",and the degree of spatial agglomeration shows"high in the north and low in the south".In terms of the distribution characteristics,the quantitative structure is dominated by small settlements below 0.6hm~2,but the difference in the size of settlements of different scales and levels is gradually shrinking.In terms of distribution characteristics,rural settlements in different periods generally present spatial agglomeration distribution,but the local distribution pattern is still random.There are regional differences in the distribution of core density of rural settlements,showing the characteristics of“high-density multi-point,low-density wide distribution”.In the aspect of morphological characteristics,the complexity of patch shape in northwest southeast direction of Jiangjin district is higher than that in southwest northeast direction,while the connection degree and separation degree of patch shape show opposite trends in the two transects.The results of multi-dimensional feature evaluation of rural settlements show that there is a tendency of mutual transformation between the two types in the study period.In space,the combination types of medium and large-scale and other characteristics are mostly distributed on both sides of the Yangtze River,and the small-scale and other feature combination types are distributed in the south and east.(2)The spatial-temporal pattern difference of rural settlements in Jiangjin district is the result of many factors,such as topography,transportation,urban construction and rural income level.By comparing the results of OLS and GWR models,it can be found that the parameters of GWR Model in 2009 and 2018 are better than those of OLS model,which indicates that GWR model has better applicability in studying the spatial pattern changes of rural settlements.There are certain differences in the degree and direction of the effects of various influencing factors on different regions:the spatial pattern of settlements is generally negatively affected by topographic factors and geological hazard risks,and its distribution range is relatively wide;the relevance of rivers on the layout of rural settlements The spatial difference is large,showing the opposite characteristics of positive and negative effects from east to west;roads and urban construction are more restrictive to the settlement scale,and the scope of action varies greatly during the research period;the per capita income and population density of farmers are generally The positive impact has significant characteristics of spatial differentiation from north to south over time;the positive and negative effects of land reclamation rate have obvious spatial differentiation,but the positive impact is wider and stronger.The interaction types of influencing factors of rural settlement spatial pattern in Jiangjin district are mainly nonlinear enhancement and two factor enhancement.The synergistic interaction between topographical index and farmers'per capita income is easier to show nonlinear enhancement effect,and the influence is more significant than two factor enhancement.The interaction types of influencing factors of spatial-temporal evolution of rural settlements in Jiangjin District show two types of nonlinear enhancement and two factor enhancement.The synergistic interaction of topographical index and per capita income of farmers is easier to show the nonlinear enhancement effect,which indicates that the synergistic interaction of the two has a more profound impact on the scale and spatial pattern of rural settlements.(3)The process of rural settlements evolution and development is actually the concentrated embodiment of the interaction between pattern and function.By constructing the two-dimensional evaluation framework of rural settlement pattern function,the functional attributes and pattern characteristics of rural settlements can be organically combined,and the different settlements can be reconstructed and arranged through functional positioning.According to the multi-function evaluation results,the average values of residential life functions,production service functions,and ecological landscape functions of rural settlements in Jiangjin District are 0.38,0.42,and 0.32,respectively.The overall function index of rural settlements is characterized as“outer-urban areas are higher than outer suburbs,and riverside areas are higher than mountainous areas.”The evolution and development process of rural settlements is actually a concentrated expression of the interaction between settlement patterns and functions.The overall rural settlement pattern-function coupling system in Jiangjin District is mainly in coordination and running-in stages,reflecting the development of the rural settlement system in a coordinated and orderly direction However,the scale of rural settlements with lagging functions far exceeds that of lagging patterns,indicating that there is a large imbalance in the coordinated development of rural settlement pattern-function coupling.Based on the positioning of different advantages and functions,the pattern of rural settlements is optimized.Among them,the urban-rural integration development model focuses on the construction model of"central village+grassroots village",the residential service optimization model improves the living conditions of rural residents through village transformation,and the industrial agglomeration upgrade model The optimization idea is to promote the large-scale and modern development of agriculture through industrial integration and upgrading;ecological restoration and protection can be combined with eco-tourism economy and ecological migration to drive rural development.In summary,this research conducted an in-depth analysis of the temporal and spatial changes of rural settlements in mountainous and hilly areas and the optimization model of regulation,which has important practical significance for optimizing rural land allocation,coordinating regional human-land relationships,and promoting the overall development of urban and rural areas.On the basis of revealing the evolution law and formation mechanism of the spatial-temporal characteristics of rural settlements in the study area,this paper constructs an analytical framework of rural settlement pattern-function two-dimensional coupling system,which can further clarify the advantages and disadvantages of rural settlements in Jiangjin District.It not only provides new ideas and perspectives for the reconstruction and optimization of rural settlements,but also provides reference and case support for the realization of reasonable spatial layout,efficient production,suitable life,ecological civilization and sustainable development of rural settlements. |
PDF Full Text Request