Research On The Teaching Design Of The "Earth" Related Content In Junior And Senior High Schools

Science and technology is the theme of the 21 st century.In order to conform to the requirements of the era of knowledge economy,China proposes to reform the curriculum of basic education.Both junior and senior high school geography courses are part of the basic education geography curriculum.The division of labor is clear and interrelated.However,there are many problems in the cohesion between junior and senior high school geography courses.The analysis of the cohesion of geography course teaching content and the design of teaching cases are conducive to improving the research of basic education materials and guiding the implementation of basic education.On the basis of studying the curriculum standards of geography for junior and senior high schools,this paper analyzes the content about "earth" in geography textbook for compulsory education and the new edition of geography textbook for junior in PEP edition,and designs teaching cases from the perspective of the cohesion between junior and senior high schools.Analyzing the geography curriculum standards of junior and senior high schools,it is concluded that the junior high school curriculum standards use 6 standards,and the high school curriculum standards use 3 standards to clarify the mastery requirements of "earth" related content.Both semesters require students to understand the earth from time scale and space scale.The requirements for cognitive level are located at the three levels of "knowledge","comprehension" and "application".The PEP version of junior and senior high school textbooks use text systems and graphic systems to explain the "Earth" related content.Compared with junior high school textbooks,high school textbooks have more text systems and graphic systems,more complete content,and higher requirements.In terms of quantity,the junior high school textbook uses 14 pages and the high school textbook uses 26 pages to explain the "earth" related content.In terms of content,the junior high school textbook introduces the earth,the globe and the movement of the earth,and the high school textbook introduces the earth's cosmic environment,the sun's influence on the earth,the history of the earth and its circle structure.In terms of requirements,most of the junior high school textbooks involve the mastery of geographic concepts and geographic phenomena,while most of the high school textbooks involve the mastery of geography principles,geographic processes,etc.In terms of compiling system,the relevant contents of "Earth" in PEP textbooks for junior and senior high schools show the relationship of inheritance and development.There are chapters,sections,headings,charts and other columns in the compilation system.The "Activities" and "Reading Materials" columns in the junior high school textbooks are similar to the content of "Thinking","Self-study Window" and "Case" in the high school textbooks.The high school textbooks have added "Scenario Design","Key Points of This Chapter" and "Question Research".According to the research,the relevant contents of "Earth" in PEP textbooks for middle and high schools are compiled according to different curriculum standards of geography,which reflects the requirements of the curriculum standards of different students.Based on the analysis of the curriculum standards and the content of the textbooks,this article puts forward the idea of teaching design for the “earth” related content of junior and senior high schools.Namely the content requirements of the junior and senior high school curriculum standards should be considered first.Secondly,we should consider the logic system of the textbook and the change law of students' cognitive psychology.The instructional design should not only promote the teaching implementation,but also minimize the teaching disconnection between the two learning periods.This paper holds that the teaching design of "Earth" related content in junior and senior high schools can be carried out from the following two aspects.(1)Unify the teaching design structure of junior and senior high schools.There are two main means of implementation.First,the teaching objectives of junior high school are designed according to three-dimensional objectives,and the teaching objectives of senior high school are designed according to the core quality.Second,the teaching process is divided into new lesson introduction,new lesson explanation,consolidation of exercises and class summary.(2)Unify the content of teaching design in junior and senior high schools,that is,carry out teaching design according to the interpretation of curriculum standards,the analysis of teaching materials and learning situation,the design of teaching objectives,the analysis of key and difficult points,the selection of teaching methods and tools,the design of teaching process,the design of blackboard writing and the suggestion of cohesion.In the teaching design of this paper,the link of "Suggestions for Cohesion" is added in combination with the curriculum standard and the content of the textbook,which can provide some reference for middle school geography teachers to carry out related teaching activities.