Research On Space Concept Evaluation Tools For Mathematics In Grade 4 Of Primary School

In order to improve the teaching practice of "graphics and geometry",optimize the teaching evaluation,improve the ability of mathematics space concept of primary school students,and realize the promotion of teaching by evaluation,the study is committed to effectively improves the development of mathematical space concept of students by measuring mathematics space concept of primary school students scientifically.The research adopts qualitative and quantitative methods,including literature research,text analyze,questionnaire survey,statistic analyze and so on.According to the model of educational evaluation in the era of big data,this paper draws lessons from the research method in the basic education evaluation model of our country,and determines the evaluation index system of developing the mathematics space concept of primary school students by clarifying the connotation and operational definition of the mathematics space concept of primary school students.Then,this study develops the tool for evaluating the ability of mathematics space concept of primary school students.And the quality of the tool are verified.Conclusions of the research are as follows:(1)The study defines the concept of mathematical space through literature combing.The concept of space is to leave in mind the representation of the mathematical properties of the shape,size and position of objects in Euclidean three-dimensional space by perceiving the extensibility and extensibility of the existence of matter in the real world,and to form the understanding and judgment of the geometric properties of plane graphics and geometry.The scope of knowledge of the concept of mathematical space in primary schools has been determined through Standards(2011 Edition)and various versions of mathematics textbooks.In primary school,the plane figure involved and studied includes triangle,rectangle,square,parallelogram,trapezoid,circle,as well as basic elements such as angle,line segment,straight line,ray and so on.The geometry involved and studied includes simple polyhedron such as cuboid and cube,as well as rotating body such as cone,cylinder and ball.Geometric properties include angle,length,circumference,area,surface area,volume,symmetry,translation,rotation,azimuth,distance and so on.(2)The dimension division of mathematical spatial concept obtains four dimensions:shape recognition,motion transformation,azimuth distance and graph drawing.Each dimension contains indicators of three levels of competence:(completely)visual imagination,visual imagination and simple analysis,and visual imagination and complex analysis.As a result,it forms the evaluation index system of primary school students' concept of mathematical space.(3)The fourth grade students generally have a high ability to recognize the basic shape and motion transformation of the figure,and it is easy to identify the figure after90° rotation transformation,but the ability to recognize the figure180° and 270° is still slightly lacking.For the fourth grade students,the actual objects can be basically matched with the geometry,but the properties of the geometry cannot be well understood and grasped.Students' ability to azimuth distance is relatively weak,especially difficult to accurately describe the road map.For the fourth grade students,it is difficult to establish the consciousness of distinguishing plane graphics from three-dimensional graphics.Although some students have not studied triangles systematically,the fourth grade students basically have the ability to recognize and understand triangles.The level of mathematics space concept of the fourth grade students in primary school is in the middle.The ability of shape recognition and motion transformation is more rapid,but the ability of azimuth distance and graphics drawing is slow.Although the students' ability of shape recognition is generally higher,the ability difference is relatively large and the development is not stable.The ability of students in eight schools in Sichuan and Chongqing is very different in the concept of mathematical space and its dimensions.The new idea of the research lies in the operational definition of the elementary school students' mathematical spatial concept.What's more,the evaluation index system of the elementary school students' mathematical spatial concept is established systematically,and the tool for evaluating mathematical spatial concept of the fourth grade students in primary school is compiled systematically by using of project response theory.But the quantity of questions is on the low side,and the representative of the samples is insufficient.