The Comparative Study On The Statistics Of Probability Content Mathematics Textbooks In Primary School Of Two Countries In China And Singapore

With the advent of the era of big data,the role of statistics and probability has become increasingly prominent.The basic knowledge of statistics and probability has become the basic quality that people should have.The content of statistics and probability has also been paid more and more attention in mathematics curriculum and mathematics curriculum standards.Many countries list statistics and probability as an important part of primary school mathematics curriculum.This study selects the statistics and probability contents in the primary school mathematics textbooks of China People's education press and Singapore TM edition as the research objects,and comprehensively uses the methods of literature research,comparative research,content analysis and case analysis.The main research three aspects of the problem: first,what are the characteristics and similarities and differences of statistics and probability in the content setting and content distribution,content breadth and content depth of the two versions of mathematics textbooks?Second,what are the characteristics and similarities and differences of statistics and probability in the number,presentation,openness and difficulty of example exercises of the two versions of mathematics textbooks? Third,What are the characteristics and similarities and differences of statistics and probability in the penetration of statistical thinking and random thinking,including data analysis methods and data randomness?Based on this study,the following conclusions are drawn:First,there are differences in the grade,content and structure of the content setting between the two versions;there are no obvious differences in the number of chapters,sections and pages of the content distribution;there are not many differences in the number of knowledge points in the content breadth,but there are different characteristics in the content of knowledge points;in the content depth,there are only two kinds of knowledge points presentation methods: intuitive description and induction,However,TM edition is more balanced than PEP edition.Second,in terms of quantity,the number of example exercises in PEP textbook is two more than that in TM textbook;in terms of example presentation,the presentation of example exercises in PEP textbook is mainly analysis,solution and summary,while that in TM textbook is only solution;in terms of openness,the statistics and probability exercises in both versions are mainly closed questions;in terms of difficulty,The example exercises of the two versions of textbooks pay most attention to the cognitive factors of mathematics,followed by the background level,then the comprehensive level of operation and knowledge,and finally the reasoning level.Third,in terms of data analysis methods,the two versions of textbooks focus on letting students learn to collect data and analyze data in statistical charts,understand the significance and role of the average,and experience data analysis methods;in terms of randomness of data,the PEP Textbooks focus on using data and charts to analyze and explain problems.by combining different forms of game activities,understand the probability of random events,highlight the relationship between statistics and probability.The TM edition focuses on students' understanding and mastering of different statistical charts,and perceives the changing trend of statistical charts.Based on the research conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward:First,appropriately enhance the level and richness of the content of statistics and probability.Second,strengthen the diversity and flexibility of statistics and probability example exercises.Third,pay attention to the process of data analysis,experience the randomness of data.Fourth,combine the characteristics of real life and other versions of teaching materials to carry out statistics and probability teaching.