A Study On The Relationship Between Cognitive Style, Working Memory And Spatial Cognitive Ability Of 4-6 Year Old Children

Spatial cognition is an important part of intelligence and a basic component of mathematical ability.It is one of the important abilities to successfully complete spatial geometry tasks,word problems and other complicated mathematical problems.Of information to the main working memory is a kind of temporary memory system of limited capacity of processing and storing,plays an important role in learning,and language comprehension,reasoning,and problem solving complex cognitive activities play a key role,and studies prove that the working memory system can effectively predict the space cognitive development level.In addition to cognitive process affecting spatial cognitive ability,children's cognitive style is also one of the important factors affecting spatial cognitive ability.Therefore,this study takes children's cognitive style and working memory as the starting point to explore the relationship among children's cognitive style,working memory development level and spatial cognitive ability,so as to help educators and parents correctly recognize children's cognitive style,thus effectively promoting the better development of children's spatial cognitive ability.Of this study is to choose a university in xi 'an subsidiary kindergarten of 203 children aged 4 to 6 as the research obj ect,through test method and observation method as the main research method,study 4-6 years old children's cognitive style type,development level and spatial working memory of the development of cognitive ability,and on this basis,further explore children's cognitive styles in the relationship between working memory and space cognitive ability how should play the role of mediation.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1.Children's spatial cognitive ability score(full score:35)was normally distributed on the whole,and 81%of children were in the middle and high level of 24-34.2.The total working memory score of children(full score:60)was normally distributed on the whole,and 82%of the children were in the middle level of 23-42.3.The cognitive styles of children are from more to less:field intermediate type(77),field dependent type(57),and field independent type(49).4.Children's spatial cognitive ability and working memory improved with age,and there was a significant age difference.Children with different cognitive styles also showed significant differences in spatial cognitive ability and working memory,but there was no significant gender difference in children's cognitive style,working memory and spatial cognitive ability.5.There was a significant positive correlation between children's cognitive style and working memory,cognitive style and spatial cognitive ability,and working memory and spatial cognitive ability.6.Children's cognitive style plays a mediating role in the relationship between working memory and spatial cognitive ability,with a mediating effect size of 47.7%.According to the research conclusions,the following educational suggestions are proposed for the development of the cognitive style types,working memory levels and spatial cognitive abilities of 4-6 year old children:the level of kindergarten teachers:1.understand the characteristics of children's cognitive style and teach according to their aptitude;Instructional design,teaching methods and courses that match children's cognitive styles.Family level:1.Recognize children's cognitive style correctly,eliminate stereotypes and treat them equally;2.Pay attention to spatial cognitive ability and carry out a series of activities to promote children's spatial cognitive ability.Kindergarten level:1.Provide games,learning and activity environments suitable for children of different cognitive styles 2.Carry out multi-faceted and multi-angle working memory activities to cultivate children's spatial cognitive ability.