Research On The Primitive Physical Problems On High School Students' Scientific Reasoning Ability

Nowadays,with the rapid changes,it is very important to improve the ability of scientific thinking in order to adapt to the development of society.Scientific reasoning is an important part of scientific thinking.Only when learners have good scientific reasoning ability can they have a better understanding of scientific laws and a more scientific problem-solving process.The development of students' scientific reasoning ability is not only conducive to the use of existing knowledge to solve practical problems,improve learning ability,but also conducive to the realization of the core literacy development requirements of physics.Therefore,in the context of quality education,it is necessary to find effective ways to improve the scientific reasoning ability of learners.As a kind of problem closest to real phenomena and objective facts,primitive physical problems can improve students' ability in solving practical problems.From the perspective of solving primitive physical problems,this study constructs strategies to cultivate scientific reasoning ability,in order to help learners improve their scientific reasoning ability.Based on Piaget's cognitive development theory,Bruner's learning theory,constructivism theory,educational ecology theory and case-based teaching theory,the research establishes the theoretical basis of improving scientific reasoning ability based on primitive physical problems.Literature method,questionnaire survey method,action research method,education statistics method and comprehensive induction method were used to carry out the research.By issuing Lawson's scientific reasoning test papers and conducting interviews,we can understand the current situation of scientific reasoning ability of senior one students and the learning situation of original physical problems,and analyze the causes of the problems found.According to the results of investigation and interview,the strategy of improving scientific reasoning ability based on original physical problems is constructed,and the effectiveness of the strategy is verified by action research.Through the above research,the conclusions are as follows:(1)At present,the scientific reasoning ability of senior high school students is relatively weak,and the development of each dimension is unbalanced.(2)The reasons for the low scientific reasoning ability of senior high school students are:the coherence and flexibility of thinking need to be improved,the knowledge has not been modularized,and the ability of information mining and screening is insufficient.(3)In view of the causes of the problems,the following strategies are constructed to improve the scientific reasoning ability based on the original physical problems:?Strategies to promote the flexibility and coherence of thinking:push back reasonably,and promote the flexible transformation of positive thinking through reverse thinking;brainstorm,develop program design;grasp the classroom,"put in"and "put out" freely:teachers guide,play a exemplary role;carry out group discussion or exploration,and students are the masters of the classroom.? To promote the strategy construction of knowledge modularization,we should establish models,carry out variant training,and realize the bypass of analogy;from the perspective of representation of original physical problems,we should establish the general process of scientific reasoning.?The strategy construction of cultivating the ability of information mining and screening:to independently carry out the process from routine problems to original physical problems,recognize the essence of the original problems;to expand the scope of knowledge,develop the good habit of loving reading;to create life-based teaching to help enter the physical situation.(4)After the teaching practice,the statistical results show that there are significant differences between the experimental class and the control class in the control variable reasoning ability,the related reasoning ability and the hypothetical deductive reasoning ability,which shows that the construction strategy can improve the scientific reasoning ability of learners to a certain extent.(5)Through the study of primitive physical problems,students' scientific reasoning ability can be improved.