Re-study On The Ideological Trend Of "respecting Confucianism And Confucianism" In The Early Republic Of China

The thought of "respecting Confucius and worshipping Confucianism" is a social thought which lasted a long time in the early years of the Republic of China.The course of its rise and fall is closely related to the change of times and the evolution of ideas.The abolition of imperial examination system and the collapse of feudal monarchy made Confucianism lose the institutional basis of existence.In this context,in order to maintain the orthodox position of Confucius Confucianism,the old gentry and some people in the academic circles have set up a community of respecting Confucius,put forward the requirements of respecting Confucius and worshipping saints,and rereading scriptures,and the trend of thinking of respecting Confucius has gradually risen.During the period of the Beijing government of the Republic of China,especially when Yuan was in power,the political leaders,out of their personal cultural preferences and based on the consideration of consolidating their own governance,issued a series of cultural policies to respect Confucius and worship Confucianism,and the trend of thought of respecting Confucius once reached its peak.However,with the failure of the restoration of monarchy,especially the fierce attack on Confucius Confucianism by the May 4th New Culture Movement,the trend of respecting Confucius gradually fell.Because the motive of respecting Confucius is different,the people who advocate the trend of "respecting Confucius and worshipping Confucianism" have both the same and different views.At that time,based on the political needs of traditional Confucianism,the politicians vigorously carried out the policy of respecting Confucius from the fields of education,etiquette and custom.The Confucian School has set up dozens of associations to respect Confucius,vigorously promote respect for Confucius to read the scriptures,and launched a large-scale Confucian movement,focusing on the religious nature of Confucius Confucianism.The Eastern School of Culture has some similarities with the idea of respecting Confucius in West China,both of which advocate both the advantages of Chinese and Western culture and Confucianism in Changming culture,but the two schools have a diametrically opposite attitude on whether Confucius should be regarded as a state religion.Although there are some differences in the opinions of the various schools of Confucius,they all directly or indirectly become the powerful promoters of the trend of thought of respecting Confucius in the early Republic of China,and jointly promote the development and prosperity of the trend of thought of respecting Confucius in the early Republic of China.In the face of the great trend of thought,all walks of life showed different reactions.There are obvious differences among government officials,some conservative officials cater to the trend of respecting Confucius and support the Confucian movement,while some new officials strictly ban Confucianism and resist the trend of respecting Confucius.The educational reformists strongly resisted Confucius Confucianism in order to promote new education,but the educational conservatives responded positively to the trend of respecting Confucius.The May 4th New Culture Movement's general stands clearly and insists on "criticizing Confucius and Confucianism ".Religious groups also show different orientations for their own interests,especially Christian opposition,while Buddhism,Taoism and Islam are basically positive attitude.However,whether it supports or opposes,it is undeniable that the thought of respecting Confucius in the early Republic of China had a profound influence on the social and cultural life at that time.Under the dual influence of the background of the times and one-sided historical view,over the past hundred years,people have produced different views and comments on the trend of thought of "respecting Confucius and worshipping Confucianism" in the early Republic of China in different periods,either too low,too much praise,or relatively one-sided,or unfair.Generally speaking,these evaluations have obvious epochal marks and fail to examine their historical status rationally from the perspective of historicism.Therefore,based on historical materialism,we should not only explore the multiple historical aspects of the rise and development of the trend of thought of respecting Confucius in the historical context,but also analyze its relationship with the restoration of monarchy based on the academic level.Review its hindrance to the process of modernization in China.At the same time,we should regard "respecting Confucius and worshipping Confucianism" as an attempt to institutionalize the reconstruction of Confucianism,and affirm its significance in exploring the cultural construction of the early Republic of China.In addition,we can not ignore the efforts of respecting Confucius to preserve traditional culture and balance westernization.To re-evaluate and reflect on this trend of thought,how to criticize and carry forward the tradition of "respecting Confucius and worshipping Confucianism" and how to carry out cultural construction under the trend of thought of "Chinese culture fever",has certain significance.