Quality Analysis And Comparative Study Of Scutellaria Baicalensis From Different Origins

As a traditional large-scale application of traditional Chinese medicine,Scutellaria baicalensis could relieve wind and pain,dissolve phlegm and sputum.With the increase of the herb demand,Scutellaria baicalensis cultivation area also increased in several Chinese provinces.Because of different soil characteristics,climate type and field managements,Scutellaria baicalensis qualities in these areas are also different.Therefore,it is worth to uncover the differences and establish a complete,scientific and normative set of quality standards.In this study,32 different samples were collected from different provinces in China.Acording the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(edition 2015)and relavant research results,the samples quality were evaluated.The main findings are as follows:(1)The qualities of Scutellaria baicalensis from different areas were various.These samples were identified by ITS and their base source was correct.According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015),water content,ash content,extractive content,and baicalin content of 32 samples were tested The results showed that there were 26 samples were qualified,and the control rate was 81.25%.The unqualified regions were Dangchang County,Longnan City,Gansu Province,Xihe County,Longnan City,Gansu,Qiaojiadi,Keshiketeng Banner,Inner Mongolia,Zhalut Banner,Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia,Tagotatu,Tongliao,Inner Mongolia,and Balinyou Banner,Xilinguole League,Inner Mongolia.(2)Amino acids contents in 32 samples were detected and analyzed.The results showed that among the 13 amino acids,the maximum average content is histidine(57.47±1.584 ?g/g),the minimum one is citrulline(0.12±0.037 ?g/g).Due to the amino acid score was less than 70,the nutritive value of Scutellaria baicalensis was not high.(3)The content of 8 secondary metabolites in 32 samples varies.The highest contents of baicalin,oroxylin,wogonoside,Norwogonin,baicalein;Qingyang,flavonoid II,Wogoninand chrysin were in Longhua,Luanping,Longhua,Taibai,Qingyang,Laiyuan,Zhangxian and Luanping,respectively.(4)Comprehensively evaluating and analysis of 13 major quality indicators such as water content,amino acids,and baicalin in 32samples,the results showed that the relationship between the main quality and indicators of Scutellaria baicalensis from different areas was complex.Principal component analysis results showed that the seven indicators of flavonoid ?,baicalin,wogonoside,wogonin,chrysin,baicalein can mainly reflect the quality of the herb.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated that the overall quality of Scutellaria baicalensis in Gansu,Hebei and Shaanxi regions was relatively good.(5)From the top 5 and bottom 5 of the comprehensive quality ranking,6 samples of Scutellaria baicalensis were randomly selected.The samples were No.2,3,11(top 5)and 7,31,28(bottom 5).The febrile mice model was used to study the heat-reducing effect of the 6 samples.The results indicated the water extraction of all six Scutellaria baicalensis samples had heat-clearing effect.However,compared with the lower-ranked sample(bottom 5),the higher-ranked Scutellaria baicalensis sample(top 5)showed the heat-reducing effect in a shorter time(p<0.05).