Research On Evaluation Of Ecosystem Services In Mountainous Villages And Towns Based On Residents' Perceptio

The rapid deterioration of the global ecological environment has been caused by the rising frequency of human activities and the over-exploitation of natural resources since the twentieth century.Ecosystem services have developed rapidly since they were proposed,and had become an important conceptual framework for environmental research and development decisions from local to global scales.The notion of ecosystem services was introduced to our country by Chinese scientists in the 1990 s,sparking a spike in ecosystem services research.Experts and scholars in our country have conducted a large number of biophysical and economic value assessments of ecosystem services in villages and towns as a result of the new urbanization road and rural revitalization strategy,and the research findings have been used in decision-making and practice.In recent years,our country has placed an increasing emphasis on improving the rural living environment,emphasizing the importance of farmers in this process.Farmers’ ecological consciousness has improved greatly as a result of increased economic prosperity and network information development,and study on inhabitants’ perceptions of ecosystem services is progressively becoming a research hotspot.Mountain-type villages and towns are an important sort of village and town in our country,with abundant natural and human resources.As a result,evaluating and researching the ecosystem services of mountain-type villages and towns from the perspective of people will provide a scientific foundation for village ecosystem protection and human settlement improvement.The research object for this thesis is Zhongzhuang Town in Yiyuan County,Zibo City,and the primary research methods are literature review,field research,model evaluation,and digital analysis to investigate people’ perceptions of ecosystem services in Zhongzhuang Town.To begin,the literature review approach was used to determine the meaning of linked concepts and research progress on associated themes,as well as to sort out the scientific theories and analysis methodologies employed in this study.Then,according to the relevant theories of ecology and psychology,a method system for the evaluation of residents’ perception of ecosystem services in mountainous villages and towns was constructed,and the model evaluation method and the public participation mapping method were innovatively combined.The model evaluation method was based on the composite ecological system theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,and constructed an index system from three aspects: basic material perception,internal psychological perception and spiritual and cultural perception according to social psychology,perception factors were divided into socio-economic characteristics,natural environment and resource endowment,activity type and frequency;in the public participatory mapping method,the indicators were collected through residents’ interviews,and the feasibility prediction and adaptive adjustment of the indicators were carried out,to determine the PPGIS cultural service index system and label;the landscape types of Zhongzhuang Town were classified and the regional division and data overlay analysis were carried out according to the current situation of land and plant coverage.Furthermore,the perception attributes and spatial data of residents of ecosystem services in Zhongzhuang Town were obtained through questionnaire survey and on-site mapping.SPSS was used to calculate the evaluation results of each village model and the significance of influencing factors,the results showed that the residents’ perception level of ecosystem services varies greatly,and the perception level gradually decreased with the increase of the distance from the cultural core and the administrative center.In addition,the area of the residential courtyard,the frequency of gardening,the greening area next to the house,and the annual family income were the significant influencing factors of residents’ perception.Arc GIS visualization was used to analyze the distribution of hotspots perceived by residents of ecosystem cultural services and the hierarchical overlay of landscape types,the study found that hotspots of cultural service perceptions were mainly distributed in the built-up area of villages,and the distribution locations of the main hotspots were consistent,and the distribution locations of secondary hotspots were diversified.The clustering degree of perceived hotspots was significantly affected by the texture of village buildings and the shape of water bodies.The superposition analysis of cultural services and landscape types found that the residential landscapes,road landscapes and garden landscapes of all villages in Zhongzhuang Town have strong cultural service supply capabilities,while water landscapes and woodland landscapes have weaker perceptions of cultural services by residents,and the public service landscapes have the characteristics of diversity and density,but at the same time there are problems of uneven distribution and insufficient quantity.Based on the evaluation results and field research,three strategies were proposed to improve residents’ perception of ecosystem services,including learning from each other’s strengths,creating a sense of scenery,and enhancing the main body.Finally,the methods,ideas and outstanding problems involved in the evaluation research were summarized,to provide a reference value for the protection and sustainable development of ecosystem services in mountainous villages and towns in our country.