IoT-based Soil Environment Perception

In geographic research,people perceive the geographic environment through various means and instruments.During the traditional positioning research methods,the collection and storage of geographic information is mainly carried out through field practice or the establishment of positioning observation stations,which not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources,but also has problems like low efficiency and high cost.With the development and maturity of Internet of Things technology and wireless communication technology during recent years,automation and information methods have been widely used in the acquisition and monitoring of geographic information,and formed digital information systems.The application of these information and intelligent technologies in soil positioning research and the implementation of precision agriculture can improve the actual efficiency of research and agricultural production,effectively save human and equipment resources and effectively control agricultural environmental pollution.This paper applies the Internet of Things technology and wireless communication technology,and combines the technical framework of the Internet of Things to design and implement a geographic information system for soil positioning research.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Physical perception layer-research on geographic information data collection methods.The geographic information is continuously collected,checked,and encoded and transmitted through the sensor devices of the physical perception layer.The sensing layer adopts the DTU device with STM32F103 R as the microprocessor as the core device of the sensing terminal,and continuously collects geographic information through the soil information transmitter using the MODBUS-RTU communication standard by sending an inquiry frame to obtain the collected geographic information,check it,encode it,and send it to the LTE communication module.(2)Network layer-remote transmission of Soil information data.The remote wireless transmission of the encoded geographic information data is performed through the 4G network by the TCP communication protocol,using the EC20 R2.1-MINIPCIE module carried by the DTU device where the AT command set supported by the module is called.The remote server device realizes the remote data collection service through Socket monitoring,checks the received data frame and inputs the database.(3)Application layer-geographic information database design.In this paper,SQL server is used for database storage.The database is the back-end core of the application layer.After designing the functions of the application layer,the database is designed according to the functions requirement such as database input and storage,geographic information monitoring and display,and database export services.Application layer-geographic information service.Geographic information service is divided into three parts: database input,data information export and data monitoring.Database input is to add data to the underlying database which is used to store continuous geographic information data and update the online status of the sensor and the last collected geographic information data to the equipment information and monitoring information database after receiving the verification data frame.Data information export carries out data query and display functions on the equipment information database and the underlying database respectively through the sensor number and date,and provides data export functions.In this paper,the sensor information takes the point as the geometric data information,and the sensor information is exported as the geometric data information MIF and Mid file,the underlying database query is exported to excel worksheet.The data monitoring function is published as a web site through ASP Net to realize the data visualization function,query and display the monitoring information database according to the logged in user group session information,and refresh it regularly.After completing the design and implementation of geographic information system,it can be seen that the geographic information system designed in this paper for positioning research based on Internet of things technology has practical feasibility,can meet the functional requirements of positioning research,and has good security and stability through the separate debugging of each module and finally the overall debugging of the system.The system itself provides additional data and functional interfaces(For example,RS232 serial port interface is reserved for the sensing terminal,which can be used for real-time sensing terminal information output through a method similar to that used for system debugging information output in this paper to increase the stability of the system,and can also be used to access other intelligent embedded modules to realize the functions of GPS Differential base station,solar intelligent power supply module,etc.)which can be further developed on this basis in order to realize more functions.