Status And Protection Strategies Of Fishery Biological Resources In The Anhui Aquatic Germplasm Reserve Of Huaihe River

Huaihe River is one of the seven major rivers in China and it forms a geographical separation between northern and sounthern China.In this study,the Anhui section of the Huaihe River was selected as the research water,and sampling sections were set up in the three national aquatic germplasm resources reserve.Aquatic resources and major human activities affecting fishery resources were surveyed.The results of this study are as follows:1.Background investigation of water environment and aquatic organisms:(1)the assessment of water quality:Th average TN was 2.02 mg/L,the mean NH4+-N was 0.21 mg/L,and the average TP was 0.21.The mean CODMn was 3.81 mg/L,the average concentration of Chl.a was 12.71 mg/m3,and the average SD was 30.28 cm.Comprehensive evaluation based on nutrient index showed that the state of the stduy waters was mildly eutrophic.(2)Plankton:165 species of phytoplankton were determined,of which,Chlorophyta is the most abundant phyla,followed by Bacillariophyta.The annual average density and biomass of phytoplankton were24.67×105 ind./L and 0.76 mg/L,respectively.The dominant species were mainly indicated by the nutrient to eutrophic state.146 species of zooplankton,including 52 protozoa,39 rotifers,28 cladocerans and 27 copepods.The annual average density was 2154.41 ind./L,and the average biomass was 0.81 mg/L.Generally,the number of zooplankton and existing stocks were dominated by small zooplankton.Water quality evaluation by zooplankton diversity index indicates that the waters is medium or heavy pollution.(3)Benthos:79 species of benthic animals were collected,including 29 species of arthropods,22 species of phylum,and 28 species of mollusks.The average density was 204.30 ind./m2,and the biomass was 66.03 g/m2.The quality of the benthic Goodnight bioindex is evaluated as medium or heavy.(4)Fishery resources:66 species of fishery organisms were collected in this study,including 59 species of fish and 7 species of crustaceans,belonging to 9 orders,17 families and 50 genera.The number of fish species and the percentage of catch weight are the highest.The fish communities is dominated by conventional economic fish,the small wild fish are low.The IRI index Cyprinus carpio,Culter alburnus Basilewsky,and Carassius.Auratus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Chinese white prawn,Pelteobaggrus nitidus,Macrobrachium nipponense species are comparatively high.2.The human activities mainly include fishing,aquaculture,navigation of ships,river channel obstruction and engineering construction.(1)There are 7 nets for fishing,4 farming areas,4 channels for ships passage,15 bridges,4 gate dams and 2 ports in three reserves.(2)The human activities in the three national aquatic germplasm resources reserve and its surrounding waters,including fishing,farmed,ship navigation and the construction,was disturbing the water ecosystem of the Huaihe River,causing the decrease of fishery resource,the decline of the species diversity,deterioration of water quality,habitat destruction,reduction of spawning and feeding grounds as well as habitat fragmentation.(3)Aiming at the effects of human activities on fishery resources,puts forward some advices,such as no fishing,enhancing and releasing fishes,restoring the critical habitat,building fish facilities,controlling pollutant emissions,renovating wharves,rescuing the fisheries,surveying the aquatic resources.The implementation of ecological restoration measures can promote the restoration of fishery resources and protmote the healthy and sustainable development of the Huaihe River ecosystem.