Gender Differences In Pain Empathy Among Middle School Students In Negative Emotional Scenarios ——From The Perspective Of Painers

Empathy refers to the ability to recognize the emotions of others and to experience part of the emotions of others.The most common empathy in our daily lives is pain empathy.For example,when we see others suffering from pain,the expressions and actions shown by them can make us feel and experience the process of pain in a "sympathetic way".There are many domestic and foreign literatures on the influence of gender on pain empathy,but almost all of them pay attention to the gender difference of empathy subjects.Few people study the gender difference of pain empathy from the perspective of pain sufferers.Individuals are susceptible to negative emotions when they perceive others’ pain and empathy.Studies have paid more attention to the influencing factors of pain empathy,but seldom discussed its cognitive processing mechanism.This study aims to explore the gender differences in pain empathy from the perspective of pain sufferers,and hopes to explore the interaction between negative emotions and gender differences in pain empathy by inducing negative emotions.This study contains two experiments.Experiment 1 uses the painful face paradigm,using2（participant gender: male,female）*4（pain face type: male painful face,male non-pain face,female painful face,female non-pain face）The mixed experimental design explores the interaction between gender and pain empathy.Experiment 2 was based on Experiment 1,using the point detection paradigm to induce sadness and anger,using 3（emotional activation type: no activation,sadness,anger）* 2（participant gender: male,female）* 2（pain）Face type:male pain face,female pain face)*2（detection point location: consistent,inconsistent）mixed experimental design,exploring the interaction between negative emotions and pain empathy between gender differences:The experiment got the following results:（1）The conclusions of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 both show that women’s ability to empathize with pain is significantly higher than that of men,and their attention to female painful faces is significantly lower than that of male painful faces.There is female self-bias,that is,female processing dominance effect..（2）The conclusion of Experiment 2 shows that sad emotions and anger emotions take up more psychological energy than no priming emotions.In anger,men have attention bias toward female pain subjects,and attention bias toward male pain subjects.In sadness,women tend to pay attention to female pain objects.