| With the deepening of the influence of knowledge economy,enterprises need to acquire new knowledge,adopt new technology,new production mode and management through technological innovation,and improve the competitiveness of enterprises through the output of new products and services.However,at the same time of development and innovation,China’s aging population continues to deepen,leading to problems such as reduced labor supply,huge financial pressure on pension and medical and social security expenditure,which aggravates social burden,reduces economic potential growth rate,and forms obstacles to the improvement of regional innovation efficiency.Therefore,this article focuses on the innovation value chain perspective population aging influence on technology innovation mechanism,namely different innovation link how aging affects the main body of output efficiency,in order to find the favorable factors,avoid negative effect,to promote the efficiency of technological innovation and economic sustainable development in order to provide the beneficial reference.Firstly,this thesis uses comparative analysis method and data envelopment analysis method to measure the innovation efficiency of panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019.Technological innovation is divided into two interrelated sub-links: R&D innovation and product transformation.Input variables and output variables have different choices in different stages.The number of patents is used as the output variable in the first stage and the input variable in the second stage,forming a bridge of chain connection.The measurement method uses super-efficiency non-radial SBM model to reflect the difference of innovation efficiency comparison between different provinces in two stages.The analysis points out that:(1)Beijing and Fujian are typical areas with high R&D innovation efficiency and low product conversion efficiency.Such areas pay more attention to the development of research-oriented talents and the improvement of talent quality.It has unique advantages in technology research and development and can complement with coastal areas and areas with high maturity in marketization.(2)The regions with low R&D innovation efficiency and high product conversion efficiency,such as Hunan,Jilin,Anhui,etc.,which have a good industrial base but need further investment in R&D innovation,can complement the above regions with high R&D innovation efficiency.On this basis,the random effects model is used to test the mediating variables such as higher education level,experience level and factor endowment structure,and the step-by-step test method and the Bootstrap method are used respectively.The results show that(1)Population aging has a significant negative effect on technological innovation in the R&D and innovation stage,but a positive effect in the product transformation stage.(2)Population aging in the research and development stage has a positive impact on technological innovation through promoting the improvement of human capital education level,while the mediating effect of experience level and factor endowment structure is not obvious.(3)In the product transformation stage,population aging has a positive impact on technological innovation through promoting the improvement of human capital experience level and the transformation of factor endowment structure;The mediating effect of higher education level is not obvious.Finally,based on the above study of the innovation main body efficiency under different value chain perspective policy Suggestions are given:(1)the government should attach importance to the quality of human capital development,set up advanced are one in the college,to actively cooperate with the design of the emerging industry technology roadmap,and improve the system of scientific research project regularly review,track the flow of research funds and the achievements of the project,as the national reserves of high level technology talents.(2)The enterprise should develop a complete set of performance evaluation and salary incentive system,and implement stock and option incentive for senior R&D personnel;At the same time,the introduction of modern and intelligent equipment,training higher technical personnel,actively carry out vocational training,lifelong learning and other activities. |
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