A Study On The Influence Of Situational Factors And Empathy On Preschool Children’s Inequity Aversion And Educational Suggestions

Inequity aversion is a manifestation of pro-social behavior,which refers to people’s aversion to unfair results and intentions.It includes two forms: disadvantage inequity aversion and advantage inequity aversion.Previous studies have shown that with the change of age,the two forms of inequity aversion in children have different development trajectories and are dependent on the situation.This study mainly discusses the age development characteristics of inequity aversion of preschool children in different situation types,and the influence of situation types on unfair aversion of preschool children.An Inequity Game paradigm was used to design 3(situation type)×3(age)subjects.The independent variables were situational factors(cooperation condition,parallel condition,control condition)and age(3-4 years old,4-5 years old,5-6 years old).The influence of age and situation type on inequity aversion of preschool children was investigated.The results show that the two ways of development of children’s inequity aversion have different development trajectories.Preschool children’s advantage inequity aversion appeared earlier than those of 4-6 years old children,and there was no significant age difference in advantage inequity aversion behavior.In the cooperative task situation,advantage inequity aversion behavior is more obvious than the non-task situation,and there is no significant difference between the parallel task situation and the cooperative task situation.The second study is based on the first study to explore the influence of the increase of empathy factors on children’s inequity aversion behavior in the process of cooperation,and to analyze the correlation between empathy factors and children’s inequity aversion.The results showed that the task situation had a significant effect on children’s advantage inequity aversion,and the cooperation-transference situation could induce more advantage inequity aversion behavior in children.In this situation,4-6 years old children are more willing to accept altruistic unfair distribution proposals and show more altruistic behavior.Inequity aversion is an important manifestation of the development of fairness,an important aspect of preschool children’s moral development and the important form of children’s pro-social behavior.In the process of fair education,kindergarten teachers and their parents should always observe the behavior response of preschool children to unfair phenomena and give timely feedback.In daily education and life,we should pay attention to the cultivation of preschool children’s empathy ability,carry out appropriate empathy training,and promote them to form a sense of fairness in order to establish good moral character.