| Objective :Combing the current fertility supporting policies in Shanxi Province,understanding the current situation of fertility supporting services,analyzing the needs and expectations of fertility families for fertility supporting services,so as to clarify the focus and direction of the reform of fertility supporting services,suggestions on optimizing fertility supporting service in Shanxi Province,which is of great significance to promote the long-term balanced development of population and sustainable and healthy economic and social development in Shanxi Province.Method:On the basis of literature research and qualitative interviews with residents,this study uses a multi-stage random sampling method and a self-designed questionnaire to collect information such as residents’ basic demographic characteristics,the status quo and needs of fertility supporting services.A total of38 jianzhstionnaires are distributed and 3690 are recovered,with an effective rate of 96.09%.Use of SPSS Statistical software for analysis,statistical description rate,composition ratio,single factor analysis using chi-square analysis,with 0.05 as the test level.Based on the system basic model theory,Vensim software is used to analyze the factors restricting fertility development.Result:1.T here were significant differences in the number of existing children and the willingness to have two children : The existing two children with agricultural household registration(33.73%)are significantly more than those with non-agricu ltural household registration(22.43%).Public/business employees(24.67 %)have more than two children in the individua l/farming/free occupation(18.58 %).different household registration,educational level,occupation type,health status,and main types of medical insurance.Agricultural household registration(16.22%)was more willing to have two children than non-agricu ltural household registration(13.07%).College degree(14.02%)was significantly more willing to have a second child than ba chelor degree or above(9.64 %).There were statistically significant differences in the influence of gender,household registration,education level,occupation type,health status,main type of medical insurance,and family economic status on the fertility intention of the second child(P< 0.001).2.Fertility supporting service needs of the childbearing age population : the number of people who received pregnancy examination within 15 – 30 minutes from the hospital was the largest(59.70%),and the number of people who received delivery within 15 minutes from the hospital was the largest(59.51%).50.38 percent expect women of childbearing age to receive better protection than existing provisions.The respondents expected female maternity leave 158-180 days(40.27%),followed by 180-300 days(29.46%).Most of the children under the age of 3 are in need of extra-family childcare services(35.58%),and the ideal time for children to enter home or kindergarten is the most in 15 minutes(79.38 %).3.The status quo of fertility supporting services: The non-agricultural household registration examination during pregnancy(14.98%),childbirth(13.46%),child vaccination(25.66%)and medical treatment(14.00%)were significantly more convenient than the agricultural household registration examination during pregnancy(11.87%),childbirth(10.20%),child vaccination(20.95%)and medical treatment(12.14%).There were statistically significant differences in household registration,pregnancy examination,childbirth,child vaccination and the convenience of seeing a doctor(P<0.001).The implementation of the rights and interests protection service for women of childbearing age in public/enterprise/ enterprise personnel is higher,only 26people(1.56%)have a great negative impact on women ’s work when public/enterprise/ enterprise personnel are pregnant,which is lower than that of individual/farming/freelancers(5.84%).There was a statistically significant difference between occupation type and satisfaction with the protection of work rights and interests of women of childbearing age and the degree of negative impact on work(P<0.001).Individuals / farmers / freelancers(30.80%)were significantly less satisfied with maternity leave than public / enterprise / career workers(40.88%).The differences between occupation type and satisfaction with maternity leave and nursing leave were statistically significant(P<0.001),and the differences between occupation type and satisfaction with maternity allowance were also statistically significant(P =0.002).Agricultural household registration(15.31%)was less satisfied with public kindergartens than non-agricultural household registration(12.36 %).Agricultural household registration(12.30%)was less convenient for preschool education than non-agricultural household registration(8.42%).The family with good economic conditions(55.13%)is more convenient to receive preschool education than with poor economic conditions(45.66 %).There was a statistically significant difference between household registration and respondents in the situation of public kindergartens(P<0.001).There was a statistically significant difference between household registration and the convenience of preschool education(P=0.001).There were statistically significant differences in economic status,satisfaction with public kindergartens,social kindergartens,and convenience of receiving preschool education(P<0.001).Conclusion:1.The demand for maternal and child health services of childbearing age is large,and the imbalance between urban and rural supply is prominent.It is necessary to optimize the allocation of maternal and child health resources and improve the quality of maternal and child services.2.There is a big gap in the implementation of security services for women of childbearing age in different occupational types.It is necessary to further improve the protection of labor rights and interests of women of childbearing age and strengthen the protection of employment rights of women of childbearing age.3.The implementation of reproductive security in different groups is not in place.People of childbearing age expect to improve the level of reproductive security,and need to comprehensively implement reproductive supporting security and improve the level of reproductive security.4.It is difficult for children to enter kindergartens,and it is urgent to improve the preschool education services for the child-bearing age group,further improve the supporting facilities for infant care and reduce the educational burden of the reproductive group. |
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