A Research On The Optimization Of Supporting Policies For Reproduction Within The Perspective Of Second Child Policy

The universal second-child policy was proposed at the fifth plenary session of the 18 th central committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC).The new policy has been implemented since New Year's Day in 2016.The liberalization of the second-child policy is conducive to alleviating the pressure on aging and labor shortage,and it is of great significance to balance the sex ratio and protect the fertility rights of residents.Public policies have systematic characteristics.The implementation of any public policy cannot be separated from the relevant supporting policies.Research on the supporting policies of the second-child policy can effectively understand the current status and problems of the implementation of the policies,so as to provide the basis for better public services of government.This study closely follows the pace of the times.Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to study the status and optimization of the second-child support service,it will not only allow us to have an overall understanding of the status of the second-child policy target group,but also provide materials for follow-up study.The questionnaire survey method,interview method,and literature research method are mainly used in the article.Relying on the overall governance theory and the child welfare theory,and based on the understanding of the target group status and needs of the second-child policy,this article explores strategies for improving policy support measures,thus to optimize overall support for the birth policy.This article is mainly divided to six parts: The first part is the introduction,including the research background,research issues,research objectives and significance,literature review and research design;The second part is a descriptive analysis of sample design and basic information of the sample.The third part is a further analysis of the results of the survey.The fourth part is to learn from the experience of foreign maternity protection measures in order to provide thoughts for the optimization of our country's fertility supporting policies;the fifth part relying on the survey results of relevant conditions of the second-child policy target group and taking the experiences of other countries as lessons,proposes some of the ideas to fertility support.The sixth part summarizes the thesis,including the conclusions and deficiencies of the article.Results of the study show that,after the liberalization of the second-child policy,people's fertility willing have been released,but there still will be many concerns when it comes to childbearing choices,including the child's education costs,difficulty in admission,the child's parenting costs,and medical facilities the degree of perfection,the length of maternity leave and child care issues,and the impact on careers.It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings and absence in supporting measures of China's second-child policy.Therefore,we must further optimize the supporting policy of the second-child policy in China.In fertility treatment,administrative expenses can be saved through the merger of fertility treatment and basic medical treatment,so that more financial resources can be invested in the construction of infrastructure and quality of service for maternal and child medical institutions.In terms of preschool education,public education needs to be established.Pratt & Whitney's childcare institutions and kindergartens explored the inclusion of primary education in compulsory education,and established education funds to improve the education subsidy system.In the aspect of maternity leave,the applicable conditions and specific methods for paternity leave and parental leave in China should be further studied to meet people's diverse maternity leave needs.In terms of woman's legitimate rights and interests,it is necessary to strengthen supervision and pay attention to hidden acts of infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of pregnant women.At the same time,we must consider the negative impact of the second-child policy on woman's discriminatory conditions and improve the situation of gender imbalance in the enterprises' employment through the government's sharing of the costs of protecting woman's rights and interests.In addition,we should draw on the experiences of other countries,adapt our measures to local conditions,and adjust the implementation of policies in accordance with local conditions.The results of the article can provide reference for the effective implementation of the second-child policy.