A Study Of Cognitive Deviation In The Spiritual Support Of Empty-nest Elderly People

With the deepening of aging in China,the proportion of empty-nest elderly people are increasing.Today the material support needs of the elderly are basically guaranteed,but the concerns about the spiritual support of the elderly are not enough.Compared with the city,the entertainment mode of rural empty-nest elderly people is simple with poor spiritual life,and the spiritual support problem is particularly serious and arouse the attention of the whole society and academia.The paper selected ten empty-nest elderly people from X village in Jinan City as the interviewees,and the mode of semi-structured interview was used to collect data.Through the analysis,the author find that there are a series of problems in the spiritual support of empty-nest elderly people in X village,which are mainly manifested in the following aspects.For example,the empty-nest elderly people are not optimistic about the status of their own life,their children are not concerned a lot about their spiritual life,they have a monotonous spiritual and cultural life in the community.The main reasons are as follows.The empty-nest elderly people have cognitive biases,their children have cognitive biases,the community organizations could not pay enough attention to the spiritual support of the elderly.M,an empty-nest elderly people who lives in X village,is selected as the research object,the client’s negative emotions and behavior problems are more obvious,problems of spiritual support are more serious,which are mainly manifested as low self-worth,insufficient participation in social activities,serious anxiety and lack of emotional support.The reason is the irrational cognition of “Old age is useless” “I am stupid” “Taking care of grandson is my responsibility” in the client and the irrational cognition of “Support only includes material support” in her children.The author uses cognitive behavioral therapy and skills(such as socratic questioning method,centrifugal,demarcation)to change the irrational cognition of the client and her children,to solve the negative emotions and behavior problems,so as to improve the status of spiritual support of the client.Through the target completion evaluation,observation interview evaluation and follow-up evaluation,the author find the intervention achieves good consequences.At the cognitive level,it changes the irrational cognition of the client and her children,reconstructs their rational cognition;at the behavioral level,it increases the social interaction activities of the client,and strengthens the emotional communication between the client and her children;at the emotional level,it increases the positive emotional experience of the client,and alleviates the anxiety.The current situation of spiritual support of the client has been greatly improved.Finally,this paper put forward some suggestions from three aspects of the elderly,their family and society to solve the problem of spiritual support for rural empty-nest elderly people.First of all,the elderly should give full play to subjective initiative and improve ability of self spiritual support.Secondly,family should pay attention to the spiritual support of the elderly in thought and action.Finally,all parties in society should coordinate their efforts,play the supporting role of village committees and other grassroots organizations,enhance the guarantee function of township governments,improve policies and regulations related to spiritual support,and strengthen the construction of social work talent teams to improve the level of spiritual support for rural empty-nest elderly people.