| The faculty is in the first place in the education reform and construction,and the improvement of education quality cannot be separated from the scientific allocation of teacher resources,which is also an inevitable requirement for improving the balance of compulsory education.Rural education is the shortcoming and pain point in the development of compulsory education in our country.Vigorously launching the campaign to optimize the allocation of rural teachers and improving the quality of teachers are the core of providing better quality educational products for rural people.However,optimizing the level of rural teacher resource allocation is still difficult in reality.In this regard,the country has also made due efforts.In 2015,the State Council stipulated the policy-based allocation of rural teacher resources in the "Rural Teacher Support Plan(2015-2020)",which effectively improved the shortage of teachers in rural areas.In 2017,the “Notice on the Supervision and Evaluation Measures for the Quality and Balanced Development of Compulsory Education in Counties” issued by the Ministry of Education stipulates the requirements for the allocation of quality and balanced development of teacher resources in the county.In 2018,the State Council clearly stated in the "Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of the Construction of the New Era Teacher Team" that "deepening the comprehensive reform of teacher management and optimizing the allocation of compulsory education teachers." In 2020,six departments including the Ministry of Education promulgated the "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Rural Teachers in the New Era",proposing to "strengthen the construction of rural teachers in the new era,and strive to create a country that loves the countryside,has sufficient numbers,high quality,and full of vitality Teachers." Therefore,efforts should be made to optimize the allocation of rural teachers.In order to further promote the high-quality and balanced allocation of teachers is an important part of improving the level of rural education,and it is also an inevitable requirement for compulsory education to balance fairness and quality.This research is based on the actual situation and development needs of rural teacher allocation in R County,with education equity theory and human resource management theory as the guiding concept,use investigation method,case analysis method and other methods to explore the fusion of theory and empirical research on the deficiencies and reasons in the allocation of rural teachers in R County,hoping to provide suggestions for the construction of teacher resources in County R,it can also bring reference to other regions in solving the problem of teacher allocation.Inspired by related theoretical research,this research combines the actual situation and research needs of rural teacher allocation in R County,and mainly analyzes the urban-rural differences in R County from the five aspects of the quantity,quality,structure,stability and satisfaction of the rural teacher allocation.Among them,the above five aspects are refined into multiple data indicators such as student-teacher ratio,class-teacher ratio,education teacher ratio,professional title teacher ratio,and data indicators such as mean,standard deviation,and coefficient of difference are used to measure the difference between urban and rural teachers,so as to construct a scientific measurement system that can measure the level of teacher resource allocation.On top of the quantitative analysis,the research also uses the interview method and case method to gain insight into the problem of teacher allocation that is missed at the data level.After a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,it is found that the overall quantity of rural teacher allocation in R County has achieved remarkable results,and the teaching quality of the rural teacher team has been improved.However,there are still many problems in the subject teacher structure,age structure,stability of the faculty,and satisfaction with the allocation,and the allocation of rural teachers is subject to practical constraints.In terms of the number of rural teachers,the overall allocation of rural teachers in County R is relatively balanced,but there is still a shortage of teachers in some rural areas.In terms of quality,the level of rural teachers is gradually improving,but the professional development of rural teachers is still severely restricted by the rural backward environment.In the structural dimension,the dual structure of rural subject teachers and teaching age is unbalanced,music,sports,and art teachers are very scarce,and the aging of rural teachers appears,which affects the renewal of teacher knowledge and teaching effectiveness.There are still unstable factors in the rural teacher group,the problem of attrition continues to be prominent,and the teaching staff is unstable.In the satisfaction of teacher allocation,the satisfaction of the rural teachers in County R is not high,indicating that the working,living and development conditions of rural teachers still need to be further improved.Through research and analysis,it can be seen that the main reasons for the problem of rural teacher allocation in R County are top-level design deviation,teacher management deviation from reality,distortion of professional benefits and rights,and imperfect rural teacher growth system.Based on the actual situation of the allocation of rural teachers in R County,combined with the principles of fairness balance,differential balance,equal opportunity balance,and actual effect balance explained by the theory of education fairness,as well as the planning management system and execution path method elucidated from the human resource management theory,from the perspective of the implementation path of the incentive mechanism and professional development system,the following measures are proposed to optimize the allocation of rural teachers in County R.First,improve the rural teacher allocation plan and improve the management mechanism of teacher allocation.Second,strengthen the allocation of rural teachers compensation efforts should be made to balance the flow of rural teachers.Third,improve the rural teacher guarantee system and improve the incentive mechanism for teacher allocation.Fourth,promote the construction of rural teachers and focus on the professional growth of rural teachers.From the above perspectives,it will help the allocation of teachers and promote the progress and improvement of rural education. |
