| Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder,which has serious obstacles in social communication,expression,interest and behavior.Research has confirmed that in the diagnosis of autistic children,joint attention can screen out 80%of autistic children.Joint attention is the basis of children’s individual development,acquisition of language,imitation,social development and so on.It is closely related to children’s growth and development.Therefore,the joint attention of autistic children has become the focus of the research on the development and rehabilitation of autistic children.In this study,a school-age autistic child was selected as the research object,using a single subject experimental study,using the baseline alternating treatment design type,using the pivotal response treatment and relationship development intervention to intervene the target behavior(eye contact,gaze alternation,finger instruction)alternately,including the baseline period and intervention expectation.At the same time,quantitative research and qualitative research are used to analyze the changes of data collected in the research process and the comprehensive performance of the subjects in the research process.Finally,the effect of pivotal response treatment and relationship development intervention on the joint attention of autistic children is obtained.Research process:During the baseline period,the researchers used the pre-designed evaluation scheme to evaluate the participants’ initiative and joint attention.In the case of no intervention,the number of active joint attention behavior was recorded,and after five rounds of observation,the participants entered the intervention expectation.According to the data collected in the baseline period,the researchers determined the target behaviors of the subjects to be intervened.With the help of pivotal response treatment and relationship development intervention,different intervention schemes were designed,and then the subjects’ active joint attention behaviors(eye contact,gaze alternation,finger instruction)were intervened one by one.On the premise of the same number of use of each intervention method,one method was randomly selected for each intervention,and only one active joint attention behavior was intervened,while other behaviors were still in the baseline period.After 9 weeks of intervention,the intervention was terminated,analyzed and evaluated,and the more suitable intervention method was found.The final conclusion is as follows:(1)The development of joint attention of autistic children is relatively backward than that of ordinary children.The specific order of joint attention development of autistic children is roughly the same,but slightly different.(2)The participants were intervened by relationship development and their active joint attention.The comparison before and after the intervention showed that the same subjects’ initiative behavior increased significantly,showing a good immediate effect.Therefore,it can be proved that relationship development intervention can effectively improve the subjects’ initiative of joint attention.(3)The participants received the key reaction training and intervened in their active joint attention.Compared with before and after the intervention,the active behavior of the subjects increased significantly,showing a good immediate effect.Therefore,it can be proved that the pivotal response treatment can effectively improve the subjects’ active joint attention.(4)After receiving the training of two different intervention methods,the participants’ initiative joint attention was improved,and the effect of pivotal response treatment was more obvious than that of relationship development intervention.The frequency of eye contact,gaze alternation and finger pointing behavior increased significantly and achieved quick results.It is more suitable to intervene the ability that the subjects need to develop. |
