| Ethnic minority preparatory education is an inclined and policy oriented education to promote the development of ethnic areas,also a special level education to cultivate excellent ethnic minority talents.After college entrance examination,the preparatory students have not yet come out of the original education environment to adapt to the new university life,and the differences from interpersonal,cultural and environmental factors will lead to psychological sense of alienation of preparatory students.The sense of alienation refers to the individual’s feeling of disharmony and estrangement with the surrounding people,society,nature and self,it is closely related to the physical and mental development of preparatory students.It is of great potential value to study the sense of alienation of preparatory students for the cultivation of talents and the development of preparatory education for ethnic minorities in universities There are many related factors that affect the sense of alienation of preparatory students,among which social support has a positive effect on the negative psychology.It is considered as an important factor for preparatory students to adapt to the new learning environment and lay a solid foundation for future undergraduate study.In this study,the 2019 preparatory students of N University in Wuhan are taken as the research objects,and the self-designed questionnaire "university students’ Alienation" and Xiao Shuiyuan’s " social support rate scale" as the research tools and SPSS as data analyze software.This paper investigates the overall situation,characteristics and relationship between the alienation and social support of preparatory students.The results are as follows:(1)The self-designed "university students’ Alienation" consists of four dimensions: self alienation,environmental alienation,interpersonal alienation and cultural alienation.Cronbach α coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.803,and Cronbach α coefficient of each dimension is between 0.681-0.802.(2)From the characteristics of the sense of Alienation:the sense of alienation of the preparatory students is generally moderate and low,and the overall sense of alienation is lower than freshmen in the same year;the sense of alienation of the preparatory students aged 19-20 isthe highest,the next is ≤18 years old,and the lowest is ≥21 years old.(3)From social support characteristics: the overall of social support,subjective support and objective support of preparatory students are higher than that of freshmen,but the utilization of support is lower;the utilization of support of boys in preparatory students is significantly lower than that of girls;there are significant differences in age in subjective support,utilization of support and the overall level of social support,the highest is 19-20-year-old students,the next is≤18 years old,and the lowest is ≥21 years old;the students with the experience of student cadres have significantly higher utilization of support than those who have not;in addition.(4)The correlation between alienation and social support was-0.112,among the degree of interpersonal alienation,environmental alienation and self alienation has a significant negative correlation with social support,but the degree of cultural alienation has no significant correlation with the overall of support and utilization of social support.(P>0.05)So,the students with lower social support will have a higher level of alienation,while the students with better social support will reduce the degree of alienation and protect their physical and mental health.This study proposes that to increase the social support of ethnic preparatory students,we should strengthen the construction of effective campus support system,social support for individual differences,enhance the training of students’ social support. |
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