Investigation On The Status Of Dietary Nutrition During The Training Period Of National Triathlon Athletes

Objective: Based on the survey of dietary nutrition status of triathlon athletes in China national team,this paper analyzes the dietary nutrition intake and supplement of triathlon athletes in preparation for the 2019 Shantou triathlon Asian Cup and national championship.According to the characteristics of triathlon and its energy supply mode,combined with the energy and nutrient requirements in preparation training stage,find out the problems and deficiencies in dietary nutrition for athletes in the future to better scientific and regular diet nutrition,and then improve the performance of triathlon athletes.Methods: We studied 12 athletes from China’s triathlon national team(8 in the excellent group and 4 in the juvenile group),mainly using dietary survey method,questionnaire method(dietary nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior K-A-P)and observation method.Before the study,we conducted a three-day dietary nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior(K-A-P)questionnaire survey on all the athletes of the triathlon national team(34)to understand the reserve of dietary nutrition knowledge and dietary nutrition attitude and behavior of athletes,and then used weighing method to Sense Wear 12 athletes to wear meals for three days.Energy consumption monitoring was carried out re the energy consumption monitor.The daily energy intake and energy consumption of athletes were analyzed by dietary nutrition analysis software.Combined with the training plan during the Asian Cup and National Championships of Shantou triathlon in 2019,the athletes’ training situation,physiological and biochemical indexes,daily morning weight,body composition and other indexes were analyzed to find out the problems in dietary nutrition of the triathlon athletes in China.Findings:1.the overall dietary nutrition knowledge of athletes is relatively scarce,only8.82% of athletes understand the Chinese residents’ dietary pagoda;only 38.24% of athletes know that the proportion of three meals in the morning,middle and evening is 3:4:3;20.59% of athletes do not know that muscle spasms are related to calcium deficiency in the body;only 29.41% of athletes know that there are nutrients necessary for the human body are 7.In terms of diet,76.47 percent of athletes eat the largest meal of the day is Chinese food,and 58.82 percent of athletes believe that the proper intake of staple foods(rice,noodles,etc.)is very good for physical recovery and training helped;but 29.41% of athletes thought that reducing the intake of dinner had no effect on the next day’s training,14.71% chose food according to their personal preferences,and 58.82% spent a small amount of pocket money each month on snacks and supplementary food.In terms of dietary attitudes,all athletes agree that learning nutrition-related knowledge is essential;most athletes are interested in nutrition nutrition knowledge;44.12 percent of athletes think it is necessary to have proper extra meals except three meals a day,and all athletes believe that long-term transportation is taking place When moving,should according to the prescribed time to replenish water and many times a small amount of water.2.total thermal energy intake of three meals was insufficient,and all athletes are in a negative energy balance.The total daily thermal energy intake range of female athletes and male athletes in the excellent group is 275 2.8464.04 kcal(average 2752.8)and 3823.48±143.54 kcal(average 3823.5 kcal);the proportion of three meals intake is unreasonable;all the members of the excellent group did not reach the recommended value of 30%;the average energy intake ratio of male and female athletes for lunch reached 35.94% and 43.74%;some athletes’ dinner supply ratio slightly exceeded the push Recommended 30%.The average energy supply ratio of three meals in the juvenile group is relatively reasonable,almost reaching the proportion of 30%,40%,30%,but there is a big difference between the athletes,and the overall intake is insufficient.Some athletes had insufficient carbohydrate intake,excess fat and protein intake,and the average carbohydrate ratio of men and women in the excellent group was only 51.34% and 40.67%.Although some athletes have insufficient intake VA、VB1、VB2、 calcium,iron intake is good.Conclusions:1.triathlon national team athletes overall nutrition knowledge is relatively scarce,after dietary nutrition knowledge propaganda,education and supervision and supervision,athletes in the choice of food more attention to nutrition collocation,after the key intervention of athletes have a relatively obvious improvement in physical composition.2.triathlon national team athletes have problems such as insufficient overall energy intake,unreasonable distribution of three meals,insufficient carbohydrate intake,excessive intake of protein and fat,and insufficient intake of some vitamins and minerals.3.the overall age and training years of the triathlon athletes in china are generally smaller than those of foreign elite athletes,most athletes in the triathlon group in china are between 20 and 25 years old,and the athletes are not active in daily training classes,and the weight loss rate is high.