Effects Of Whey Protein Timing And Dose On Muscle Morphology And Muscle Strength Of Male College Students In Resistance Training

Objective: In this study,we observed the effects of different timing and dosage of protein supplementation on the resistance training of healthy male college students by the perspective of muscle protein synthesis and catabolism.Methods: Thirty-two healthy male college students were selected.The subjects were randomly divided into four groups: Group Pla + Pla,Group Pro + Pla,Group Pla+ Pro and Group Pro + Pro.The specific supplement method: Pla + Pla supplements placebo before and after training,Pro + Pla supplements 30 g whey protein before training and placebo after training,Pla + Pro supplements placebo before the training and 30 g whey protein after training,Pro + Pro supplements 30 g whey protein before and after training.Supplements before training should be replenished half an hour before the start of training,and supplements after training should be replenished within half an hour after training.The resistance training method used 70% 1-RM weights to perform barbell squats,10 times per group,4 groups in total,with 60 s interval between groups,3 training sessions per week,training lasts 4 weeks.Tests included body composition test,contrast-enhanced ultrasound test,basal metabolic rate test,1-RM test,maximum knee extension test,blood test,and urine test.Blood test collection time was before the first training session,24 hours after the training session,and before the last training session and 24 hours after the training session.One-way ANOVA was conducted to evaluate the cohort and paired-sample t test was conducted to evaluate the time.Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: There was no significant change in body weight and fat mass in the four groups.Compared with Pla + Pla,muscle mass in Pla + Pro and Pro + Pro increased significantly(p < 0.05).In dominant leg,compared with the Pla + Pla,the rectus femoris thickness,rectus femoris circumstance,and rectus femoris cross-sectional area in Pla + Pro and the rectus femoris thickness in Pro + Pro all increased significantly compared to the Pla + Pla group(p < 0.05).In non-dominant leg,compared with Pla +Pla group,the rectus femoris thickness,rectus femoris cross-sectional area in Pla + Pro and rectus femoris thickness in Pro + Pro had significantly increased(p < 0.05);compared with Pla + Pla group,the basal metabolic rate and relative basal metabolic rate level of the Pro + Pro increased significantly(p < 0.05);1-RM and maximum strength of knee extension in Pla + Pro and Pro + Pro increased significantly(p < 0.05);Compared with the Pla + Pla and Pro + Pla,the 3-MH level in Pla + Pro significantly decreased(p < 0.05);VAS in 24 hours after exercise was significantly lower in the Pla+ Pro than in the Pla + Pla(p < 0.05);CK levels were significantly increased in the Pla+ Pro and Pro + Pro after four-week training,besides,after 24 hours,CK levels in the Pla + Pro and Pro + Pro were significantly lower than in the Pla + Pla and Pro + Pla(p< 0.05);Compared with the Pla + Pla and Pro + Pla,the IL-6 level in Pla + Pro and Pro+ Pro significantly decreased(p < 0.05).Conclusion: For acute resistance training,Pla + Pro and Pro + Pro can promote protein synthesis,alleviate muscle soreness and inflammatory response after training.At the same dose for 4-week resistance training,Pla + Pro can better promote muscle growth,increase muscle strength,slow down muscle protein breakdown and reduce muscle soreness than Pro + Pla.In addition,it is better to increase the intake of whey protein on increasing muscle strength and promoting muscle protein synthesis.