| With the development of economy and society and the improvement of medical standards,China is slowly entering the aging era,pension services have become a topic of much concern in the new stage of development,and how to ensure future retirement pension life has become an important topic for research from all walks of life.It is of great significance to measure the level reached by China’s social pension services,the differences between the pension service regions,and to analyze the influencing factors.Domestic research on old-age services is mainly from a certain perspective in urban and rural areas,or combined with family pension,community old-age care and other models to analyze old-age services,while there are fewer literature on the analysis of the differences in the level of old-age services between regions,and there are fewer studies on the analysis of regional differences and influencing factors in the level of old-age services.On the basis of constructing the evaluation index system of social old-age services,and considering the availability of index data,this paper selects four indicators of the number of beds for the elderly,the coverage rate of community service facilities,the number of medical institutions in 100 square kilometers,and the social worker of the thousands of elderly people,selects the data of 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions from 2012 to 2019 from 8 years,and adopts a comprehensive evaluation method to assess the level of social old-age services in the whole country and provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions.Through the dynamic comparison of the national pension service level,the horizontal comparison between regions and the vertical comparison of the time dimension of each region,the current situation and change trend of the social pension service level in China are described,and the existing problems are found and the causes are analyzed.The results of the study show that the comprehensive score of China’s old-age service level shows a significant improvement trend in the time dimension,but there are significant differences between regions horizontally,the level of old-age services in the eastern region is higher,and the western region is lower,but the difference between regions is gradually narrowing with the passage of time,and the level of inter-regional old-age services is slowly approaching.In order to deeply study the influencing factors of China’s social pension service level,taking the comprehensive score of China’s social pension service level as the explanatory variable,starting from the perspective of supply and demand,seven indicators of the elderly dependency ratio,land price,the minimum number of urban and rural living security,social security expenditure,the number of grass-roots staff of the Ministry of Civil Affairs,the local economic development situation,and the extraction rate of fucai were selected,and the spatial measurement model was used to analyze the impact of various factors on the level of old-age service in China.The analysis results show that the level of inter-regional old-age services shows a state of agglomeration,and the level of old-age services in China is affected by the elderly dependency ratio,land prices,social security expenditures and economic development levels,according to which it is proposed to strengthen regional exchanges and cooperation,give play to institutional advantages and the government’s macro-control role,support and subsidies for the old-age service industry,ensure capital investment,and cultivate a team of professional talents. |
