| The issue of "people" is one of the main issues in the history of philosophy,and philosophers of different eras have different views on this issue.What is the mystery of "people" ? Marx gave his own answer in German Ideology.Different from all old philosophies in the past,Marx understood that "person" is a "real individual",and analyzed the "reality" of "person" on the basis of human practice.The proposal of the "realistic individual" marked the complete break between Marx’s philosophy and the old philosophy,realized the transformation of philosophical concepts,and opened the door to historical materialism.Marx enriched and developed the content of historical materialism,applied historical explanation principles to the discussion of human nature and social development,and gained a comprehensive understanding of human development and social formation.In recent years,although academic have noticed the importance of Marx’s "realistic individual" thought,there is still a lack of systematic research on its specific ideological connotations,especially the understanding of "realistic individual" in the sense of Marx’s practical philosophy.Therefore,in-depth study of the connotation of "realistic individual" has important theoretical significance and academic value.Based on the investigation of German Ideology,this article focuses on the rich content of Marx’s "realistic individual" thought.In addition to the introduction,the main part of this article is divided into four parts:The first part discusses the evolution of Marx’s concept of "human".The process from Doctoral Thesis to German Ideology is divided into three stages,from the germination of Marx’s self-consciousness,his own preliminary insights on the issue of human freedom,to the understanding of human beings based on the nature of human beings.The investigation of the living conditions reveals the constraints of the capitalist society on human freedom,and finally a concrete analysis of "realistic individuals" based on human social practice activities.The second part is mainly to distinguish from the old philosophy.Marx’s criticism and transcendence of Stirner,Powell,Feuerbach’s understanding of human beings cleared the way for the establishment of Marx’s historical materialism.The third part,based on the text of German Ideology,elaborates on the intrinsic characteristics of "realistic individual" and related theories in detail.Marx’s "realistic individual" is an individual who engages in practical activities under certain social conditions.In practical activities,exploring the natural,social and historical,creative and cultural characteristics of the "realistic individual".The fourth part gives a concrete explanation of the theoretical value and practical value of the "realistic individual" thought.Through the study of this thought,it not only explores the development path of human emancipation,but also establishes the important position of practice and promotes the formation of historical materialism.Through the above research,this article attempts to present the overall perspective and profound connotation of Marx’s "realistic individual" thought,in order to deepen the understanding of the basic ideas and spiritual essence of Marx’s philosophy. |
