Research On The Impact Of Resettlement On Farmers’ Livelihood In Fuping County

Poverty is a common problem facing human development around the world,which constrains the economic,social,cultural and political progress and development of our country.To solve the problem of poverty,China has successively explored various poverty alleviation modes,such as relief and poverty alleviation,industrial development,ecological poverty alleviation,and public welfare poverty alleviation.In 2001,our country began to solve the problem of "one party can’t afford one party in water and soil" through immigration relocation.Fuping County is a national poverty-stricken county.It is located in Yanshan-Tahangshan poverty-stricken area.Easy-poor relocation is an important means to get rid of poverty.Fuping County plans to relocate a total of 1,092 natural villages,involving 47,000 households and 144,000 people.The relocation of migrants will inevitably have an impact on the livelihood of farmers.The sustainability of farmers’livelihoods after the relocation directly determines the success of the poverty alleviation model of migrant relocation.This article uses questionnaires and individual interviews to investigate 424 migrant farmers in 65 immigrant villages in Fuping County.Based on the theories of family life cycle,sustainable livelihood,livelihood capital and other theories,this paper analyzes newborn families,initial families,stable families,expanding families and shrinking families.Study the impact of relocation on the livelihoods of farmers at different stages of the life cycle of different families,and propose countermeasures to improve the sustainability of farmers’ livelihoods.The main conclusions of this article are:first,the livelihood of migrant migrant farmers in different family life cycles is affected by academic qualifications,age structure of the family population,the quantity and quality of labor force,mode of employment,relocation location and other factors.Families with higher academic qualifications,a younger age structure of the family population,a high number of labor force of good quality,more people engaged in the non-agricultural industry,and relocation of families closer to township or county centers can easily solve their livelihood problems after relocation.Second,the housing situation,employment situation and cost of living of farmers will change after the relocation of farmers.The quality and comfort of housing have improved in the initial family,the stable family and the shrinking family,and the housing has become relatively overcrowded after the expansion of the family.After the relocation,the employment situation changes,the population of the initial family engaged in the agricultural industry may increase,the employment opportunities for stabilizing the family and expanding the family may increase,while the shrinking family may increase.The decline in the labor force is more obvious;after the relocation,the income of the farmers’ income and expenditure changes,the income of the stable and expanding families may increase,while the income of shrinking families will decrease,the water and electricity of farmers will increase after the relocation,and the expenditure on food will also increase with the marketization and commercialization of life.There is an increase in the number of people who go to school in the initial family,and the more people who work outside the stable family.These two types of families live at home for less time,so their expenditure increases less.Third,Fuping County should improve the system at three levels:at the government level,it should do a good job in the construction of infrastructure in new resettlement areas,strengthen the construction of public service facilities,promote the development of subsequent industries,and carry out poverty alleviation projects on asset income;at the village collective level,grassroots self-government organizations should be formed to create community culture and guide farmers to employment;farmers At the household level,we should change their ideological concepts,actively cooperate with leaders to work together,and strive to learn agricultural knowledge and improve their work skills.Possible innovations in this paper:this study not only conducts a longitudinal analysis of changes in farmers’ livelihoods,studies their different production lifestyles before and after relocation,but also conducts a horizontal comparative analysis of various types of farmers,studies the livelihood sustainability of different types of farmers,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from three aspects:grassroots governments,village collectives and farmers themselves.