A Study On Typological Characteristics Of Chinese Object Prepositions Basing On The Corpus Of Interlanguage And Chinese-Vietnamese Comparision

In the world,words in most languages can be divided into two categories: content words and function words.Among them,function words have no specific lexical meaning,only grammatical meaning.According to the characteristics of language morphology,Chinese and Vietnamese are both isolated languages,and function words and word order are very important grammatical means.Among Chinese function words,prepositions have always been an issue of great concern in linguistics.The usage of Chinese prepositions is relatively flexible.The same preposition can express several different grammatical meanings due to the different introduction components.In addition,there are a large number of modern Chinese prepositions with similar meanings,and there are overlaps and differences in the use process.Although the grammatical meaning and grammatical function of this group of prepositions are relatively similar,and sometimes they can be used interchangeably,they are used differently.These make Chinese prepositions a focus and difficulty for Vietnamese students and even foreign students from other countries.Among them,the seven commonly used object prepositions of “dui,duiyu,guanyu” and “gen,he,gei,and xiang”are both different and overlapping in meaning and usage.Based on the interlanguage corpus,it summarizes and analyzes the errors in the use of Chinese object prepositions by Vietnamese students at different stages,and finds out the error types and acquisition order of Vietnamese students’ Chinese object prepositions.At the same time,through the comparative analysis of the object prepositions in Chinese and Vietnamese to find out the typological characteristics of the object prepositions in Chinese and Vietnamese,and then summarize the relationship between the typological characteristics and errors of the object prepositions in Chinese and Vietnamese,and put forward relevant teaching suggestions on this basis..The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The object prepositions in Chinese and Vietnamese have three structures(unit prepositions,dual and multiple prepositions)and two types(prepositions and preposition frames).2.Chinese and Vietnamese object prepositions have differences in semantics,syntactic functions,looming,word order,etc.,which are caused by the different types of Chinese and Vietnamese object prepositions.3.Both Chinese and Vietnamese are VO-type languages.Vietnamese object prepositional phrases use the VPP word order as the dominant word order,while Chinese object prepositional phrases use the PPV word order as the dominant word order.Vietnamese is a typical SVO language,while Chinese is an atypical SVO language.The basic word order of Chinese is mainly SVO,which also has some characteristics of SOV-type languages.4.Vietnamese object prepositional phrases can serve as adverbial and attributive in sentences.Chinese-Vietnamese object prepositions can be used as adverbial,attributive and complement in sentences.The word order of Vietnamese object prepositional phrases used as adverbials is VPP.When the Chinese object prepositional phrase is used as adverbial,the word order of the prepositional phrase is PPV;when the Chinese object prepositional phrase is used as the complement,the word order of the prepositional phrase is VPP.This word order is the same as the word order when Vietnamese prepositional phrases are used as adverbials.When used as an attributive,the Chinese object prepositional phrase is placed before the head and the attributive mark “de”,while the Vietnamese object prepositional phrase is located after the head,and there is no need to use an attributive mark between the prepositional phrase and the head.5.The typological characteristics of Chinese target prepositions are closely related to errors.The characteristics of Chinese object prepositions can cause errors in the acquisition of object prepositions by Vietnamese students.Among them,the looming feature of Chinese object prepositions is the main reason for the omission of prepositions and post-attachment errors in the preposition frame;Chinese object prepositions The word order feature of is the main reason for misordering errors;the semantic feature of Chinese object prepositions is the main reason for misgeneration errors.6.Chinese object prepositions follow the order of acquiring the unmarked ones first and then the marked ones.Based on the accuracy and frequency of use,we summarize the acquisition order of the meanings of Chinese object prepositions for Vietnamese students:gen 1,gen 2,gen 6,he1,he 2,gen 3,gen 4,he 3,he 4 > dui 1,dui 2,he 6,gei 2,gei 3> dui 3,dui 4,duiyu,gei 1,gei 5,xiang 1,xiang 2> guanyu,gen 5,he 5,gei 4.