Classification And Textual Research On Some Characters Of Bluish-white Porcelain In Jingdezhen Of Song Dynasty

This article collects the characters on the bluish-white porcelain of the Jingdezhen Kilns of the Song Dynasty.Combined with ancient documents,this article explains its meaning.Characters have different attributes,divided into recording attributes,industrial attributes and commercial attributes.The recording attribute is the basic attribute of the characters.They were written by scribing and stamping,recording the specific activities.Industrial and commercial attributes have more functions.Industrial characters were produced in the process of product porcelain,the purpose was to improve the efficiency of industrial production.Industrial characters reflect the different needs of each porcelain-making process,at the same time,these characters were forming a complete production chain from the material production industry to the product processing industry.The production of industrial characters was closely related to the Jingdezhen kiln tax.The kiln tax in the Southern Song Dynasty was "before the porcelain was made,tax was paid ".In order to improve the profit,kiln owners attached great importance to mud materials,used “testers” to test the mud materials;Many porcelain workshops were co-workers,they put their products into one porcelain furnace.They used characters as marks to distinguish their products.Commercial characters served the circulation process of bluish-white porcelain products,the purpose was to publicize.The production of commercial characters is closely related to the porcelain market.On the one hand,Jingdezhen was established in the Northern Song Dynasty,with the process of urbanization,the increasing demand made the porcelain industry to increase production,prompting the porcelain industry to break away from agricultural production and engage in specialized and independent handicraft production.On the other hand,the circulation of long-distance commodities made Jingdezhen porcelain not only satisfy the local market,but also expand to the northern and overseas markets.The number of people engaged in the professional porcelain production had increased,and the competition became more and more fierce.