| Starting from the cultural education in Xinjiang in the late Qing Dynasty,this paper discusses how the cultural and educational policies implemented by the Qing Government in Xinjiang played an important role in the construction of a modern nation-state during China’s transition from a traditional dynasty to a modern nation-state.Based on Jun Fu system,build the province as well as the "New Deal" period,the three stages of Xinjiang culture content of reform and development,summarizes the characteristics of its development in every stage of education and play a role,from the perspective of China’s modern national country construction on analysis of the Qing government made contribution to education in Xinjiang region,and some problems in the process of reform.During the period of Jun Fu,the Qing government divided Xinjiang into three regions roughly according to the distribution of ethnic groups.Each region has its own education in line with its national characteristics.Although the society is stable,the education in each region is also carried out step by step,but they do not communicate with each other,which is not conducive to the integration of the ethnic groups.In response to this situation,after the establishment of Xinjiang Province,the rulers and border governors adopted the measure of "setting up primary schools to promote imperial examinations" in Xinjiang,hoping to better govern Xinjiang by spreading Confucian thoughts and teaching Chinese.However,in implementing these measures,the differences between ethnic groups were ignored,resulting in poor results.With the development of the "New Deal" in the late Qing Dynasty,education reform was carried out in full swing in Xinjiang,drawing on the experience of running primary schools in the earlier period.During this period,education in Xinjiang developed rapidly,and the teaching content began to develop in the direction of systematization,comprehensive and modernization.The reform of culture and education made ethnic minorities more deeply identify with the politics of the late Qing Dynasty and the nation-state.However,because the Qing government was faced with internal troubles and foreign invasion,the development of new education in Xinjiang was also greatly hindered,such as insufficient funds and weak teachers.Throughout the development of education in Xinjiang in the late Qing Dynasty,the biggest resistance lies in the cultural differences among ethnic groups.How to deal with the difficulties caused by cultural differences in Xinjiang is the key to the construction of China’s nation-state.The government of the late Qing Dynasty took some measures to solve this problem.Although there were still some shortcomings,it laid a foundation for the construction of the nation-state in the period of the Republic of China. |
