A Contrastive Study Of Chinese And Japanese Homographs In Multi-category Words About“Chinese Proficiency Vocabulary Level Syllabus”

China and Japan are separated by a strip of water and have a deep connection.More than two thousand years of cultural exchanges and mutual learning have resulted in the existence of a large number of Chinese-Japanese homographs in the languages of the two countries.This makes learners from Japan have a certain degree of particularity when learning Chinese.On the one hand,Japanese students have a certain degree of inherent advantages in the writing and understanding of Chinese characters compared to Chinese learners from European and American countries;On the other hand,it is easy to be affected by the native language,and errors are generated due to the "seeing of words and meanings",which will have a certain impact on Chinese learning.Chinese and Japanese homographs have always been a hot research object in the linguistic circles of China and Japan.Many scholars at home and abroad have analyzed and studied Chinese and Japanese homographs from the perspectives of etymology,classification,word meaning,word usage,and writing form.There have also been fruitful research results in the acquisition order and errors of Chinese characters by Chinese learners whose mother tongue is Japanese.Although a few scholars have discussed the phenomenon of "same form but different part of speech",However,few studies have taken the comparison of parts of speech as the starting point.In particular,the part-of-speech corresponding to the part-of-speech words with relatively complex parts of speech in Chinese and Japanese homographs are quite complicated.For Chinese learners who speak Japanese as their mother tongue,they are extremely vulnerable to the "negative transfer" of their mother tongue and cause errors.This paper selects the "Chinese Proficiency Vocabulary and Chinese Character Grade Syllabus"(hereinafter referred to as the "Grade Syllabus")to label 460Chinese-Japanese homographs out of 599 multi-category words as research objects.Refer to "Xin Ming Jie Japanese-Chinese Dictionary" and "Modern Chinese Dictionary" label,Use statistics and classification methods to compare each categorical type of Chinese word with its corresponding Japanese homographs in terms of part of speech and word meaning,and try to find out the similarities and differences and overall laws to help Japanese learners better Grasp this part of the vocabulary,and provide a reference for the formulation of the Japanese vocabulary outline and the compilation of the Japanese learner’s dictionary.The full text consists of six parts:The introduction mainly elaborates the background and research status of the topic,on this basis,determines the research object and research methods of this article,and points out the theoretical significance and application significance of the topic research.The first chapter introduces the division of parts of speech in the two languages of Chinese and Japanese,summarizes the similarities and differences of the Chinese and Japanese parts of speech system,and introduces the difference between the conversion of Chinese words and Japanese parts of speech,aiming at the phenomenon of common words.The second chapter focuses on the comparison of the parts of speech of homographs in Chinese and Japanese.Divides them into four types according to the Chinese part of speech,the combined type of Verb and noun,the combined type of Adjectives and nouns,the combined type of Adjectives and verbs and Other types.According to the corresponding part of speech of each type and its Japanese homograph,it is divided into more detailed 58 kinds of part of speech correspondence.Give examples to illustrate the similarities and differences of parts of speech in detail,and explore the overall part of speech correspondence between Chinese and Japanese homographs.The third chapter divides Chinese and Japanese homographs into three categories:Same shape and same meaning,Same shape and similar meaning,Same shape and different meanings.The homographs are divided into three sub-categories: the scope of Chinese meaning items is greater than the scope of Japanese semantic items,the scope of Chinese meaning items is less than the scope of Japanese semantic items,and the scope of Chinese meaning items and Japanese semantic items partially overlap.After comprehensively analyzing the corresponding relationship between part of speech and word meaning,these words are divided into nine types: the same part of speech and the same meaning,the same part of speech with different meaning,and the different part of speech with the same meaning.The fourth chapter combines the research results of the previous Chinese-Japanese homographs comparison,thinks that the existing "grading outline" is not scientific enough for Japanese learners,and proposes a rough grade classification idea.At the same time,three dictionaries of Chinese-Japanese homographs on the market were investigated from three aspects: selection of words,tagging of parts of speech,and inclusion of meaning items,and pointed out their shortcomings and the direction of compiling Japanese learning dictionaries.The conclusion summarizes the results of the comparative study of the full text,and points out the innovation,shortcomings and direction of future efforts of this article.