| After the opium war,great powers by a series of unequal treaties gained the rights of trading,missionary work,accreditation of ministers and consulsin,set up consulates in China.Their diplomats,businessmen and missionaries groups relies on the sphere of influence in China,who are engaged in the public,business and religious activities,which in turn creates the demand for real estate.Yantai was the first crack opened by the foreign powers in Shandong in modern times.Since the opening of the port in Yantai,the foreign powers have been competing with each other to rent and purchase real estate in this area to expand their power.And foreigners have once illegally entered the inland of Shandong for mining.At the same time,the western church also set up churches and do missionary work in Shandong inland,their preaching activities throughout Shandong.As Qingdao and Weihai successively became the leased territory of Germany and Britain,the expansion activities of foreigners in Shandong entered a climax.The illegal leasing and purchase of real estate was one of the important ways to encroach on the interests of Shandong,which was not uncommon.In response to the expansion of the power of foreigners,Jinan,Zhoucun,Weixian and other places were established as foreign trade ports,and the activities of leasing and purchasing of real estate by foreigners in the self-opened commercial ports were also widely carried out.In the process of real estate acquisition,foreigners illegally rented,purchased and used land,violated treaties and Chinese laws,fought for influence among the great powers and the conflicts between foreigners and the gentlemen and plebs in shandong,all of which were the important characteristics that led to the negotiation of real estate acquisition between China and foreign countries.Investigation the cases of sino-foreign real estate negotiation from 1860 to 1927 in Shandong area,not only can we reproduce the basic historical events of sino-foreign real estate negotiation in Shandong from the micro point of view,but we can also find that the process of sino-foreign real estate negotiation in Shandong during this period has been developing towards the direction of legal system,and the handling ability of local officials in Shandong for sino-foreign real estate negotiation has been gradually becoming professional.Find out its cause,it was closely related to the modernization process of administrative management and foreign negotiation in Shandong and even the whole China during that period,and the evolution of them presented the characteristics of supplement each other. |
