| Francis Bacon,a famous English philosopher and justice in the 17 th century,devoted his whole life to the development of politics and philosophy,and his thoughts also occupied a corner in other fields.As one of his most valuable philosophical thoughts,the proposition of "knowledge is power" is well known,but few people have a correct understanding of its origin.Moreover,the meaning of "knowledge" in proposition has been added to Bacon’s new content,which is different from the old term.We must understand the meaning of Bacon’s "knowledge" literally.Only in this way can we find a new spark in Bacon’s conception of knowledge.Many philosophers judge that Bacon’s philosophy lacks integrity and value because he has not completed his plan of "great rejuvenation" to understand nature and support the development of scientific knowledge.But the fact is that when we focus on the representative thought of Bacon’s conception of knowledge-"knowledge is power" as the starting point,and then settle down to Bacon’s conception of knowledge,His philosophy will be clearer.The purpose of this paper is to correct the source of the propositions and give a systematic explanation of Bacon’s conception of knowledge.Combined with the text,the new knowledge conception behind Bacon’s proposition is sorted out.Therefore,the main content of this paper is mainly divided into four parts:The first part of this paper mainly focuses on the specific source of the proposition and the connotation of "knowledge" contained in the proposition,which involves two aspects.First,because the background of the whole 17 th century has a profound impact on Bacon’s philosophy,the author introduces it from four aspects: the economic rise of the nation-state,the political change of the bourgeoisie,the movement in the ideological field,and the development of natural science.Secondly,it summarizes the relevant contents of the three mainstream thinkers who thought about the essence of "knowledge" from ancient Greece to the middle ages,and leads to the new connotation of "knowledge" in Bacon’s proposition from the perspective of historical vertical development.In the process of elaboration,it also summarizes the transformation of Bacon’s "knowledge" since the middle ages.When expounding the new characteristics of new knowledge,it also confirms that Bacon’s "knowledge" has gone out of the scope of Aristotle and scholasticism.The second part of this paper will continue the above definition of "knowledge" and sort out the two main contents involved in Bacon’s conception of knowledge.On the one hand,bacon put forward the value of knowledge and classified it concretely.On the other hand,based on the scientific knowledge classification system,he expounded the new scientific conception contained in Bacon’s conception of knowledge,indicating the scientific trend of Bacon’s knowledge.The third part of this paper,combined with Bacon’s epistemology and methodology,expounds Bacon’s method of acquiring new knowledge,which mainly involves two aspects.On the one hand,we should abide by three principles of cognition when we produce new knowledge.That is to say,we should first comply with the cognitive principle of experience,then adhere to the combination of experience and rationality,and finally play the testing role of practice.On the one hand,there are three steps to generate knowledge.First of all,he established the position of knowability in the struggle against agnosticism.Secondly,he put forward the "false appearance theory" to break the cognitive trap of human beings.Finally,he established the scientific induction method to explain nature and discover new knowledge.The fourth part of this paper rethinks Bacon’s conception of knowledge from the perspective of evaluation and reflection.The first is to evaluate the new conception of knowledge from two aspects,one is to evaluate the positive influence of Bacon’s conception of knowledge on contemporary philosophy,the other is to evaluate the potential limitations of Bacon’s conception of knowledge.Second,it expounds two reflections on the new conception of knowledge: one is to reflect on the negative impact of Bacon’s conception of knowledge from the perspective of enlightenment according to Horkheimer and Adorno;the other is to reflect on the rational use of knowledge,combining induction and deduction,and straightening out the cognition of science,so as to call on people to play the main value of human beings. |
