Study On The Enclaves Of Mianyang,Deyang,Suining,Ziyang And Neijiang In Sichuan In Modern Times

Enclave is a special administrative division,which refers to the phenomenon that a certain place is completely separated from the original administrative area and flies into other administrative areas.This special phenomenon of human geography has appeared in the Warring States Period,and it has been there in successive dynasties,and it has been left to this day.There were already enclaves in Mianyang,Deyang,Suining,Ziyang,and Neijiang in Sichuan during the Ming and Qing dynasties.During the Republic of China,there were more enclaves,mostly micro-enclaves with small land and few people.The distribution range is wider,showing a trend of more in the north and less in the south,showing the characteristics of large dispersion and small settlements.The study of enclaves belongs to the research category of historical political area geography.At present,the academic research on enclaves mostly discusses the causes and effects of enclaves from a macro perspective,although some scholars have studied the enclaves in Guizhou,Henan and other provinces from a micro perspective.Research has been carried out,but there is a lack of detailed discussion on the local enclaves,especially the enclaves below the county level,and there are still blanks in the enclave research in the grassroots administrative areas.The causes of enclaves are complex and can be analyzed from two aspects:geography and humanities,such as topographical conditions,administrative divisions,chieftain systems,and land policies.In general,each enclave is the result of a combination of various factors,but each has its own emphasis.The existence of an enclave has a great impact on the place and location.As far as the region is concerned,in terms of politics,it is easy to form a management blank area,which increases the difficulty of administrative management,increases management costs,and reduces efficiency;in terms of public security,flying Land often becomes a place where smokers are rampant,seriously disrupting the normal social order;economically,it is not conducive to the collection of grain taxes and hindering the coordinated development of the region;in terms of people’s lives,it is easy to form a lack of educational resources,which increases the difficulty and Costs increase people’s living costs.On the whole,its impact is more harmful and less beneficial.In the late Qing Dynasty,the government made some adjustments to the enclaves,but because of the incoherent and incomplete policies,they did not achieve results.During the Republic of China,in order to implement the new county system,the National Government issued an order in the 19 th year of the Republic of China(1930)to clean up enclaves throughout the country.In the 25 th year of the Republic of China(1936),the Sichuan Provincial Government formally sorted out,surveyed,summarized,and managed the enclaves within its jurisdiction,from the Ministry of the Interior to the Sichuan Provincial Government and then to the county governments.Nowadays,sorting out the enclaves within the jurisdiction of Mianyang,Deyang,Suining,Ziyang,and Neijiang in Sichuan Province has also begun.This article starts from the perspective of time and space,taking Sichuan Mianyang,Deyang,Suining,Ziyang,and Neijiang areas as the spatial cross-sections,and the late Qing,the Republic of China,and the New China as the time cross-sections.It makes full use of the literature analysis method to analyze the modern times.Organize and analyze geography,local history,and archives,and draw graphs to help understand.In addition,by combing through the process of governance of enclaves by governments at all levels during the Republic of China,summing up the experience and lessons of enclave governance,it reflects that enclave governance is a matter of mutual interest between different subjects,and the effect of enclave governance depends on the fairness of the government.Implementation of the principle of justice.Strive to fully present the enclave’s process from creation to completion,and try to clarify the experience and lessons to learn from the present.