Multicultural Experience,hometown Cultural Attachment And Cultural Confidence

Multicultural experience refers to the experiences of individuals who leave their homelands to live in other regions.However,such experiences may make sojourners feels the pressure to adapt to the new environment(Kim,1997;Murphy,1977),they may have difficulty adjusting to the different cultural norms and social conditions(Oh et al.,2002).In this process,they may evaluate and compare the culture of hometown and destination,reshaping the cognition and emotions of hometown culture.Cultural attachment and cultural confidence are two important cultural attitudes.Cultural attachment refers to the sense of security generated by emotional connection with cultural groups(Hong et al.,2013).Cultural confidence is subject to understand their own culture,on the basis of the given culture and,in turn,the positive emotional experience,have initiative and emotional two dimensions,respectively constitutes cultural praise and cultural pride(Zhou & Bi,2020).After revising the related literature of the concept of carding to the multicultural experience cultural attachment and cultural confidence,we found that across country’s multicultural experience can let individual hometown cultural attitude changes.Individuals with multi-cultural experience are more likely to identify with the culture of their hometown(Grove & Hansel,1983),and believe that they are more similar to the culture of their parents’ hometown(Kosmitzki,1996),and their perception of self and the group within the culture of their hometown is closely combined(Miramontez et al.,2008).Hong(2013)and other researchers has shown that significantly positive relationship between attachment hometown culture and cultural identity.But it is not clear individuals in the same country/region of cross-cultural experience will affect their attitude toward hometown culture.This article uses diverse methods to study the relationship between Chinese sojourners’ multicultural experience,hometown cultural attachment and cultural confidence.In the study 1,questionnaires were used to explore the relationship between multicultural experience,hometown cultural attachment and cultural confidence.The results showed that there was a masking effect among the three factors,that is,hometown cultural attachment played a positive mediating role in the relationship between multicultural experience and cultural confidence,while multicultural experience was a negative predictor of hometown cultural confidence.On the basis of Study 1,the implicit association model was used to measure the implicit cultural confidence in Study 2.We found cultural experience negatively predict explicit cultural confidence,and hometown attachment positively predict explicit hometown cultural confidence.But there was no relationship between the implicit hometown cultural confidence and multicultural experience and hometown attachment and explicit hometown cultural confidence.In Study 3,we used materials to activate participants’ monocultural/multicultural experience,and used the in-group preference paradigm to measure implicit hometown cultural confidence.The results showed that implicit hometown cultural confidence had no relationship with multicultural experience and explicit hometown cultural confidence.In conclusion,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)Hometown cultural attachment enhances the explicit hometown cultural confidence;(2)Implicit emotional hometown cultural confidence is relatively stable and not affected by multicultural experience,hometown cultural attachment and explicit hometown cultural confidence;(3)Explicit hometown cultural confidence and hometown cultural attachment affect implicit cognitive hometown cultural confidence;(4)Hometown environments activate hometown cultural attachment.Multicultural experiences improve hometown cultural attachment when participants in their hometowns.