Research On Tidal Flat Reclamation And Its Influence In Xiaoshan Qiantang River From 1960s To 1990s

This article aims to investigate the driving factors,process,temporal and spatial characteristics and a series of impacts of the Qiantang River tidal flat reclamation in Xiaoshan in the 1960 s and 1990 s.Through in-depth research on the construction site society of the Xiaoshan reclamation construction site,to restore the social appearance and characteristics of the reclamation construction site.In the mid-1960 s,affected by the dual factors of nature and humanity,large-scale organized artificial reclamation began one after another in Xiaoshan.From a natural point of view,the siltation of tidal flats provided abundant natural resources for reclamation;in addition,the “three-year natural disasters” in the early 1960 s made the problem of insufficient food supply increasingly serious.From a humanistic point of view,the implementation of policies such as "grain as the key link" and "agricultural learning from Dazhai" created a strong political atmosphere for the reclamation;in addition,the collective labor mode under the socialist system is conducive to the mobilization of labor.So at this stage,Xiaoshan entered a period of large-scale artificial reclamation.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the reclamation took on unique characteristics of time and space.From the time point of view,the reclamation presents four stages: dispersion period,peak period,suspension period and closing period;in addition,most reclamation also presents seasonal characteristics distributed in winter and spring.From a spatial point of view,the reclamation areas are mainly concentrated in the northern coastal area of??Xiaoshan Mountain and the reclamation area shows a trend of increasing from west to east,and there is a certain organic connection between the adjacent reclamation areas surrounded by the front and back.On the reclamation site,a special kind of temporary social form,the construction site society,was formed due to the expansion and operation of state power on the construction site.In the construction site society,there are corresponding organizations and systems to promote the normal operation of the project.Organizations in the construction site society include reclamation headquarters at all levels and temporary agencies.The management system in the construction site society includes the mobilization of migrant workers,the land distribution system,and the unity of migrant workers’ daily life and recreational activities.All in all,the political power of the country runs through the construction site society and plays an important role.While reclamation has largely alleviated the shortage of food in Xiaoshan,it has also provided Xiaoshan with sufficient industrial,commercial and infrastructure land,and promoted the economic development of Xiaoshan.However,a large number of reclamations have changed the original geographical environment structure,and the sharp reduction of water area has affected the living environment of aquatic organisms.At the same time,the development of agriculture and industry in the reclamation area has caused a large amount of pollutant discharge.All in all,while the reclamation will bring benefits to Xiaoshan,It has also caused many negative effects on the ecological environment.In summary,this article will focus on the following issues: First,reclamation is the product of the dual influence of natural and human factors,among which human factors dominated by political forces play a decisive role.Political power runs through the entire reclamation process.Second,the replacement of artificial reclamation by mechanized reclamation is an inevitable trend under the influence of multiple factors such as policy changes,social changes,and technological development.Thirdly,as a special short-term social form,construction site society has characteristics that are different from other long-existing social forms,and the construction site society on the Xiaoshan reclamation site also has unique characteristics different from other construction site societies.Therefore,this article will also analyze the construction site society of Xiaoshan Reclamation Area and summarize the unique characteristics of Xiaoshan Reclamation Area.Finally,through the analysis of the negative impact of reclamation on the ecological environment,the root cause is found and a new method of reclamation in line with scientific development and sustainable development is sought.