Information Measurement On The Traceability Of Painting And Calligraphy With Applications

The quantitative evaluation of artworks is the foundation of many fields such as experimental aesthetics,computational aesthetics,computer art,and artificial intelligence art.Research in the field of computational aesthetics focuses on the measurement and calculation of the objective physical characteristics of graphic art,while research in the field of experimental aesthetics focuses on the quantification of subjective psychological feelings.These studies have proposed a variety of aesthetic evaluation indicators and methods for aesthetic objects,but to a large extent,they have neglected the aesthetic evaluation of the "traceability" of painting and calligraphy works.The sense of retrospect is an aesthetic experience that imaginatively reproduces the creative behavior of the original work in art appreciation and copying,and its essence is to have "empathy" with the creator.This aesthetic feeling of calligraphy has been described empirically by many theories,and some researchers even use it as one of the aesthetic evaluation indicators of calligraphy appreciation.Research in the field of neuroaesthetics has found that painting can also produce retrospective aesthetic experience,but so far the retrospective sense of painting has received little attention.Traditional calligraphy theory usually makes qualitative evaluations based on experience in the aesthetic research of retrospective sense,and lacks scientific measurement and quantitative methods.Therefore,it is necessary to propose a measurement and quantitative analysis method for the traceability of calligraphy and painting works.In order to quantify the traceability,we must first understand its constituent factors.Therefore,this article combines the relevant knowledge in the calligraphy and painting theory to decompose the sense of retrospect into two quantitative indicators,the sense of sequence and the sense of movement.The sense of sequence refers to the ability to determine the sequence of strokes within each stroke and the sequence of connections between strokes based on the work,and the sense of movement refers to the writing action felt at each position on the stroke.Psychological perception experiments can be used to measure the sequence and movement characteristics of calligraphy and painting works.The main steps are:(1)Select the starting point,end point,and turning point on the test picture to mark the area of interest;(2)Collect the subjects’ order of strokes of the area of interest and sort them,and the subject’s interest in the area of interest.Estimated value of pen speed.Then,the quantization methods of the sense of sequence and the sense of motion are respectively proposed.Two calculation methods are proposed in the sense of sequence: the first is to estimate the sense of sequence of calligraphy and painting works based on the frequency formula;the second is to introduce the method of information theory,which regards the sense of sequence of works as information,through entropy rate The method quantifies the information to obtain a quantitative evaluation of the sense of sequence.In the measurement of the sense of movement,the error of the direction of the pen and the error of the speed of the pen are regarded as quantitative evaluations.Then,through designing a series of experiments to solve three aesthetic propositions by actual measurement:(1)the difference in the sense of sequence between different styles of artworks;(2)the influence of the stroke characteristics of different fonts on the sense of sequence;(3)The effect of different graphics transformations on the sense of sequence.The experimental results prove that the evaluation method is feasible.Experiment 1 measured 25 paintings with different styles,and the results showed that the sense of sequence can be used as a highly distinguished measure of artistic style,and the sense of sequence of calligraphy is significantly higher than that of painting.Experiment 2 measured 12 Chinese characters "Yi" from different calligraphers’ abbreviations.The research results show that the sense of sequence is different for different stroke features,but there is no significant correlation between the sense of sequence and simple stroke features(such as aspect ratio,trend,ink dry humidity,and width variation rate).Experiment 3 through further research found that the rotation and mirror image transformation can have a greater impact on the sense of sequence.Combining the above brushstroke features and the influence of graphic transformations on the sense of sequence can be inferred: the sense of sequence of calligraphy and painting works is related to the prior experience of the viewer.Finally,with the goal of enhancing the sense of traceability,animation technology is used to realize the dynamics of calligraphy works.According to the ink flow direction,ink color,and whether there is an oscillating effect,this article made a total of 7 different dynamic ink effects.And through experiments,the original effect of calligraphy works and the use of 7 kinds of dynamic ink effects can be measured.The experimental results found that the appropriate use of dynamic pen and ink effects,that is,ink animation flowing along the handwriting,can improve the judgment of the direction of the pen,significantly enhance the sense of sequence,and enhance the sense of traceability.In summary,the traceability information measurement method proposed in this paper can effectively quantify the traceability of calligraphy and painting art,and provide beneficial support for solving aesthetic propositions.The use of animation technology to add appropriate dynamic effects to the calligraphy can improve the traceability of the work,allowing the inexperienced to have visual clues to follow when appreciating.