A Comparative Study On Chinese And Russian Spatial Prepositions

Although Chinese and Russian belong to different types of languages,they both have prepositions to express spatial relations.Chinese spatial prepositions and Russian spatial prepositions have a certain correspondence,but the language types and cognitive performance are different.There are many differences in the use of location indication between the two languages.The spatial prepositions in Chinese and Russian have many similar characteristics and differences,which makes it necessary to make a comparative study of them.This dissertation takes the Chinese spatial preposition"自","到","沿着"and"顺着"as a starting point of the research,establishes the research scope of Chinese spatial preposition and Russian spatial preposition,and makes a comparative analysis of the Chinese spatial preposition"自","到","沿着","顺着"and its corresponding eight Russian spatial prepositions from the perspective of comparative analysis,the conclusion is based on it.Dissertation first gives a detailed description of the concept of Chinese and Russian spatial prepositions and the classification of spatial prepositions,and determines the scope of research and the angle of analysis and interpretation according to the relevant theories of linguistics and previous research results.Secondly,it makes a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian spatial prepositions from grammar,semantics and pragmatics.The corresponding relationship between the two languages’spatial prepositions is actually the correspondence between the Chinese spatial prepositional phrase and the Russian spatial prepositional plus noun case changing structure,that is,the correspondence between the prepositional phrase of"自",“到","沿着","顺着"and the Russian prepositional+noun case changing form.In terms of syntactic function,prepositions in Chinese and Russian have something in common.Both of them belong to function words,so they can not be used as sentence elements alone.Both Chinese and Russian spatial prepositional phrases can be used as attributives,adverbials and complements.Adverbial is one of the main functions of prepositional phrases in both languages.In Chinese,prepositions generally act as syntactic components in the form of prepositional phrases,while Russian prepositions act as sentence components in the form of prepositional phrases which are formed by changing the case of nouns used together.Semantically,spatial prepositions generally express the meaning of place,direction and spatial destination.Markedness is the main pragmatic function of spatial prepositions.Space Prepositions in both languages can mark the starting point,the end point and the route of action of space.This study not only helps to better understand the similarities and differences of spatial prepositions in semantics,syntax and pragmatics between the two languages,but also provides a reference for the teaching of Chinese as a second language,especially for Russian native speakers who learn Chinese.At the same time,it has certain significance and value for the comparative study of Chinese and Russian grammar and the study of Chinese Russian translation.